目的 探讨人参不定根对心肌缺血（myocardial ischemia，MI）诱导的心肌细胞凋亡和心肌纤维化的影响及作用机制。方法 采用高效液相色谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测人参不定根的主要成分。雄性C57BL/6小鼠sc异丙肾上腺素建立心肌缺血模型，心电图用于心肌缺血的诊断；采用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色和Masson染色评估心脏组织病理变化；ELISA检测血清中炎症因子水平；qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测心脏组织凋亡、纤维化和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3（nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3，NLRP3）炎症小体、核因子-κB（nuclear factor-κB，NF-κB）相关因子表达。结果 人参不定根能明显缓解心肌缺血导致的心肌形态的病理变化，减少心肌纤维化面积，改善ST段抬高，抑制过度炎症。此外，人参不定根能明显抑制转化生长因子-β1（transforming growth factor-β1，TGF-β1）、NF-κB和NLRP3炎症小体通路相关蛋白的表达水平（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）。结论 人参不定根可通过抑制TGF-β1、NF-κB通路和NLRP3炎症小体的激活，缓解心肌缺血诱发的损伤。人参不定根具有缓解心肌缺血损伤的潜力。

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ginseng adventitious root on myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced myocardial apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Methods High-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were performed to detect the primary constituents of ginseng adventitious root. An MI model was established by subcutaneously injecting isoproterenol to male C57BL/6 mice. Electrocardiographs were used for the diagnosis of MI; Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes; ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors in serum; qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of apoptosis, fibrosis, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) related factors in cardiac tissues. Results Ginseng adventitious root markedly alleviated the pathological changes of myocardial morphology caused by MI, reduced the area of myocardial fibrosis, improved ST segment elevation and suppressed excessive inflammation. Furthermore, ginseng adventitious root significantly inhibited the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway related proteins (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Conclusion Ginseng adventitious root may ameliorate MI-induced injury partly by inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1, NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Ginseng adventitious root has the potential to alleviate myocardial ischemic injury.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82003445）；浙江省营养重点学科（16-zc03）；浙江省医药卫生科学规划项目（2021KY631）；浙江省医学科学院科技项目（C72009Q04）