目的 研究牛至挥发油（Origanum vulgare volatile oil，OVO）抗外阴阴道念珠菌病（vulvovaginal candidiasis，VVC）的作用及机制。方法 体外实验评价OVO对白色念珠菌的抑菌效果。建立VVC小鼠模型，给予OVO干预后，检测小鼠阴道灌洗液中炎症因子含量，苏木素-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin staining，HE）染色、PAS染色及扫描电镜观察阴道组织的病理变化，Western blotting检测阴道组织Dectin-1信号通路相关蛋白的表达情况。结果 在体外抑菌实验中，OVO对白色念珠菌的抑菌圈直径为（24±2）mm，最低抑菌浓度（minimum inhibitory concentration，MIC）为1.95 mg/mL；OVO明显抑制了白色念珠菌的生物膜形成、疏水性及黏附性（P＜0.05、0.01）。在动物实验中，与模型组比较，OVO组小鼠阴道冲洗液中菌落数和肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β，IL-1β）、IL-17、IL-22含量显著减少（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），阴道组织上皮角化、炎细胞浸润及真菌负荷量明显减少，阴道组织中树突状细胞相关性C型凝集素-1（dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin 1，Dectin-1）、脾酪氨酸激酶（spleen tyrosine kinase，Syk）、磷脂酶-Cγ2（phospholipase-Cγ2，PLCγ-2）、胱天蛋白酶募集域蛋白9（caspase-associated recruitment domain-containing protein 9，CARD9）、磷酸化核因子-κB p65（phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65，p-NF-κB p65）蛋白表达水平明显降低（P＜0.05、0.01）。结论 OVO可能通过抑制小鼠阴道组织中的炎症反应来改善VVC，并有望成为治疗VVC感染的潜在候选药物。

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of Origanum vulgare volatile oil (OVO) against vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Methods In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effect of OVO against Candida albicans. A VVC mice model was established, after given with OVO, the contents of inflammatory factors in vaginal lavage fluid were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, PAS staining and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the pathological changes in vaginal tissues. Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of Dectin-1 signaling pathway related proteins. Results In the in vitro antibacterial experiment, the inhibitory zone diameter of OVO against C. albicans was (24 ±2) mm, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 1.95 mg/mL. OVO significantly inhibited the biofilm formation, hydrophobicity and adhesion of C. albicans (P < 0.05, 0.01). In the animal experiment, compared with model group, the colony count and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17, IL-22 in vaginal lavage fluid of mice in OVO group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001), the epithelial keratinization, inflammatory cell infiltration and fungal load in vaginal tissue were significantly reduced, dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin 1 (Dectin-1), spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), phospholipase-Cγ2 (PLCγ-2), caspase-associated recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65) protein expressions were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion OVO may improve VVC by inhibiting the inflammatory response in vaginal tissue of mice, and it has the potential to be a promising candidate for the treatment of VVC.

R285.5

江西省科技厅科学技术研究项目（GJJ2200960）；大学生校级创新创业项目（X202310412210，X202310412252）；中西医结合江西省一流学科（zxyylxk20220103）；校级研究生创新专项资金（JZYC23S04）