纤维化涉及多种疾病，其发病机制复杂，细胞外基质过度沉积导致非生理性瘢痕形成为其主要病理改变，严重诱发器官衰竭，极大地威胁人类生命健康，目前并没有有效的治疗手段。雷公藤甲素（triptolide，TPL）作为雷公藤的主要活性成分之一，多年来的研究表明TPL具有良好的抗纤维化作用。通过对近年来关于TPL对器官纤维化的药理作用和机制研究的相关文献进行归纳分析，发现TPL能够通过阻止肌成纤维细胞活化、抑制上皮-间质转化进程、抗氧化应激、抑制炎症反应、缓解细胞外基质沉积和调控自噬等来防治器官纤维化，为纤维化疾病的治疗及药物研发提供参考。

Fibrosis encompasses a range of diseases with intricate pathogenesis, primarily characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, leading to the formation of non-physiological scars. Severe fibrosis can trigger organ failure, posing a substantial threat to human life and health. Currently, there are no effective treatment methods available. Triptolide, a major active compound derived from Leigongteng (Tripterygium wilfordii), has demonstrated significant anti-fibrotic properties in extensive research over the years. Exploring its pharmacological effects and mechanisms in combating fibrosis is of paramount importance for anti-fibrotic drug development. Against this backdrop, this study conducts a comprehensive review and analysis of recent literature pertaining to the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of triptolide in the context of organ fibrosis. The findings suggest that triptolide can mitigate organ fibrosis by inhibiting myofibroblast activation, suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes, alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory responses, reducing extracellular matrix deposition, and regulating autophagy. This review surveys the current state of experimental research on organ fibrosis inhibition by triptolide, with the aim of offering insights for the treatment of fibrotic diseases and drug development.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82260912）；江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20212BAB206061）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（20222ZDH04094）；赣江新区“揭榜挂帅”科技计划项目（Gjxq-jbgs2021001）；2023年大学生创新创业训练计划省级项目（S202310412117X）