目的 探索不同采收期黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis外观性状与内在成分含量之间的关联性，为黄芩的“辨状论质”提供理论依据。方法 通过分光测色仪及游标卡尺测定黄芩外观性状指标（药材粉末颜色、根长、根粗），采用HPLC测定黄芩12种黄酮类成分（野黄芩苷、野黄芩素、黄芩苷、木犀草素、白杨素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、汉黄芩苷、芹菜素、去甲汉黄芩素、黄芩素、汉黄芩素、白杨素、千层纸素A）含量。运用皮尔逊相关性分析和线性回归分析黄芩外观性状与有效成分含量之间的关系。并对黄芩“外观性状指标-成分含量-产量”进行主成分分析。结果 黄芩外观性状与有效成分含量有相关性，但无显著性回归关系。黄芩色黄明者，黄酮苷类成分含量相对较高；色暗、根长、根粗者，黄酮苷元类成分含量相对较高。陕西省淳化地区黄芩药材秋季较适宜采收期为“寒露”节气前后。结论 黄芩饮片的色泽是其内在质量的具体体现，黄芩外观性状在一定程度上可作为快速评价黄芩药材质量的方法，为黄芩“辨状论质”提供理论依据，以指导黄芩的采收与药材优劣辨别。

Objective In order to explore the correlation between the appearance traits and inner compositions content of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), and provide a theoretical basis for the “quality evaluation through morphological identification”. Methods The appearance traits (herb powder color, root length, and root thickness) of Scutellariae Radix were determined by spectrophotometric colorimeter and vernier caliper, and high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the contents of 12 flavonoids (scutellarin, scutellarein, baicalin, luteolin, chrysin-7-O-glucuronide, wogonoside, apigenin, norwogonin, baicalein, wogonin, chrysin, oroxylin A). Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between appearance traits and active ingredient content of Scutellariae Radix, and principal component analysis was used to analyze “the appearance trait indexes- ingredient content-output”. Results The appearance traits of Scutellariae Radix were correlated with the content of active components, but there was no significant regression relationship. The brighter, yellower the color was, the higher the content of flavonoid glycosides was. The darker the color was, longer thicker the root was, the higher the content of flavonoid aglycones was. More suitable harvest time of Scutellariae Radix in Chunhua area of Shaanxi Province was before and after the “Hanlu” solar term. Conclusion The color of Scutellariae Radix is a concrete manifestation of its intrinsic quality, and appearance traits can be used as a means to quickly evaluate the quality of Scutellariae Radix to a certain extent, and to provide a theoretical basis for the “qualitevaluation through morphological identification” of Scutellariae Radix, so as to guide the harvesting of Scutellariae Radix and the identification of the advantages and disadvantages of medicinal materials.

R286.2

陕西省科技厅项目（2016KTTSSF01-01-01）；陕西省教育厅服务地方专项（23JC025）