目的 对喜马拉雅紫茉莉不同居群进行形态学研究，揭示其表型变异特征，为其种质收集、利用和保护、品种选育等提供依据，并探讨其种下分类问题。方法 采用野外调查取样，对28个野生居群叶、花的18个性状进行测量和统计分析。结果 18个性状的变异系数在12.06%～51.01%，花梗长变异最大，雄蕊数目变异最小。各性状在不同居群间、不同省区间差异均极显著；主成分分析显示，叶长宽比、叶形、花梗长、叶长、总苞裂片宽、叶柄长、花梗及总苞腺毛黏性7个性状是造成居群间表型差异的主要因素；相关性分析表明，喜马拉雅紫茉莉多个性状之间存在显著的相关性。经度和海拔对性状的影响较大；聚类结果显示，28个居群可分为3个类群，聚类结果与各居群的地域分布和地理距离并无关联。结论 喜马拉雅紫茉莉在叶和花的形态上具有丰富的表型变异，种质资源的保存要依据变异规律进行广泛的采样。目前用于喜马拉雅紫茉莉种下等级分类鉴定的性状并不可靠。

Objective In order to provide the basis for germplasm resources collecting, utilization and protection, and breeding of Mirabilis himalaica, and to discuss the problem of subspecies classification, morphological study on different populations from China was conducted to reveal its phenotype variation traits. Methods Using field survey sampling, a total of 18 traits of leaves and flowers in M. himalaica from 28 wild populations were measured and analyzed. Results The variation coefficients of 18 traits changed between 12.06%—51.01%, with the pedicel length having the highest value and the stamen number having the lowest value. Differences in all the traits among different populations and provinces were highly significant. The principal component analysis indicated that seven traits including leaf length/leaf width, leaf shape, pedicel length, leaf length, involucre lobe width, petiole length, viscidity of glandular hairs on pedicel and involucre were the main factors leading to the phenotype variation among populations. The correlation analysis showed that the correlations between multiple traits were significant in M. himalaica. Longitude and altitude influenced more traits obviously. A total of 28 populations were divided into three groups through clustering analysis, which had no relations with their locations distribution and geographic distances of each population. Conclusion The phenotype variation of M. himalaica is abundant in leaves and flowers, sampling for its germplasm conservation should be as extensive as possible basing on the variation pattern. We infer the traits used for subspecific classification and identification of M. himalaica are unreliable.

R286.12

国家自然科学基金项目（31460075）；西藏特色农牧资源研发协同创新中心