[关键词]
[摘要]
人参皂苷是一类具有丰富药理活性的重要天然产物，常见的类型包括达玛烷型（protopanaxadiol type，PPD-type/proto-panaxatriol type，PPT-type）、齐墩果烷型（oleanane type，OA-type）和奥克悌隆型（ocotillol type，OCT-type），可广泛应用于医药、农业和工业生产等领域。尿苷二磷酸（Uridine diphosphate，UDP）依赖的糖基转移酶（UDP-glycosyltransferases，UGTs）是催化人参皂苷生成的关键酶，对人参皂苷结构的形成及药理作用的发挥具有重要意义。综述了人参皂苷的分布、结构多样性和生物合成途径，并基于几种常见人参皂苷类型重点阐述了与糖基化反应相关的UGTs，以期为人参皂苷生物合成相关研究提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Ginsenosides are a class of important natural products with rich pharmacological activities, including dammarane type (protopanaxadiol type, PPD-type/proto-panaxatriol type, PPT-type), oleanane type (OA-type) and ocotillol type (OCT-type), which can be widely used in the fields of medicine, agriculture and industrial production. Uridine diphosphate (UDP)- dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are the key enzymes that catalyze the production of ginsenosides, and play an important role in their chemical structure formations and pharmacological functions. This review summarized the distributions, structural diversities and biosynthesis pathways of ginsenosides. In addition, according to the types of several common ginsenosides, we emphasized the UGTs related to glycosylation reactions to provide reference for ginsenoside biosynthesis.
[中图分类号]
R286.2
[基金项目]
江西省教育厅科技计划青年项目（GJJ2200973）；江西中医药大学博士科研启动基金课题（2022BSZR001）；江西省卫生健康委员会科技计划项目（202311138）
