目的 建立不同产地莲房Nelumbo nucifera的HPLC指纹图谱及多成分含量测定方法，结合化学模式识别法评价不同产地莲房药材质量。方法 采用Welch Ultimate^® Polar-RP（250 mmÍ4.6 mm，3 μm）色谱柱，以甲醇-乙腈（1∶2，A）-0.2%甲酸水溶液（B）为流动相，柱温40 ℃，体积流量0.6 mL/min，检测波长270 nm，绘制20批不同产地的莲房药材的指纹图谱，应用SPSS 26.0和SIMCA 14.1软件结合化学模式识别，聚类分析（cluster analysis，CA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）、优劣解距离法（technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution，TOPSIS）对不同产地莲房样品进行质量评价，并测定6种主要成分的含量。结果 20批HPLC指纹图谱共匹配出17个共有峰，分别指认出儿茶素、荷叶碱、N-去甲荷叶碱、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷和紫云英苷7个成分；指纹图谱相似度在0.546～0.991，CA将20批莲房分为3类；PCA、OPLS-DA与TOPSIS分析结果为产于安徽芜湖、江西赣州、山东微山湖的药材质量较好；并分析筛选出荷叶碱、N-去甲荷叶碱和儿茶素等5个成分为引起不同产地质量差异的标志性成分。莲房中6个主要成分儿茶素、荷叶碱、N-去甲荷叶碱、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷和槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷的质量分数分别为0.029%～0.958%、0.007%～0.137%、0.013%～0.104%、0.015%～0.282%、0.008%～0.110%、0.027%～0.541%。结论 建立的莲房HPLC指纹图谱操作简便、结果可靠，儿茶素、荷叶碱、N-去甲荷叶碱、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷和槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷可以作为莲房质量评价的主要指标性成分。

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination method combined with chemical pattern recognition method and evaluate the quality of Lianfang (Nelumbinis Receptaculum) from different regions. Methods A Welch Ultimate® Polar-RP (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) column was used with methanol:acetonitrile=1:2 (A) -0.2% formic acid aqueous solution (B) as the mobile phase, column temperature 40℃, volume flow rate 0.6 mL/min, detection wavelength 270 nm, and the fingerprint of 20 batches of Nelumbinis Receptaculum from different regions was drawn. SPSS 26.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software combined with chemical pattern recognition, cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and TOPSIS were used to evaluate the quality of Nelumbinis Receptaculum samples from different habitats, and the content of six main components was determined.. Results A total of 17 common peaks were matched in 20 batches of HPLC fingerprints, and seven components were identified, namely catechin, nuciferine, N-nornuciferine, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercitin-3-O-glucuronide and astragalin. The similarity of fingerprints ranged from 0.546 to 0.991. The 20 batches of Nelumbinis Receptaculum were divided into three categories by cluster analysis. PCA, OPLS-DA and TOPSIS analysis showed that the medicinal materials from Wuhu of Anhui Province, Ganzhou of Jiangxi province and Weishanhu of Shandong Province were of good quality. Five marker components, including nuciferine, N-nornuciferine and catechin, which caused the quality difference in different areas were analyzed and screened. The contents of catechin, nuciferine, N-nornuciferine, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide in Nelumbinis Receptaculum were 0.029%-0.958%, 0.007%-0.137%, 0.013%-0.104%, 0.015%-0.282% and 0.008%-0.110%, 0.027%-0.541%. Conclusion The HPLC fingerprint of Nelumbinis Receptaculum is simple and reliable. Catechin, nuciferine, N-nornuciferine, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide can be used as the main index components for the quality evaluation of Nelumbinis Receptaculum.

R286.2

北京中医药大学纵向科研发展基金项目（2024-ZXFZJJ-JW-010）