目的 探究红景天Rhodiola rosea、珠芽蓼Polygonum viviparum、瑞香狼毒Stellera chamaejasme 3种青藏高原常见药用植物根际土壤代谢物的组成、差异代谢物特性及主要代谢通路。方法 以青藏高原高寒草地的红景天、珠芽蓼、瑞香狼毒3种药用植物的根际土壤为实验材料,采用高分离度液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC-QTOF-MS)的非靶向代谢组学方法进行检测分析。结果 3种药用植物的根际土壤样本间均没有重叠,组间差异较为明显。根际土壤样本显著差异代谢物结果显示,珠芽蓼与红景天和瑞香狼毒的显著差异代谢物均比较多,而红景天和瑞香狼毒之间显著差异代谢物相对较少。ATP结合盒转运体(ABC transporters)、D-谷氨酰胺(D-glutamine)和D-谷氨酸(D-glutamate)代谢、嘌呤代谢(purine metabolism)等3种代谢通路在3种药用植物根际土壤代谢通路富集中均表现出显著性最高。结论 3种药用植物根际土壤样本的标志代谢物与其主要药效活性成分密切相关,珠芽蓼次生代谢产物的代谢合成途径比瑞香狼毒和红景天更多样化。3种药用植物根际土壤代谢途径是生物合成活性次生代谢产物、适应高寒生态环境的重要基础。

Objective To investigate the composition, differential metabolite characteristics, and main metabolic pathways of metabolites in the rhizosphere soil of three common medicinal plants, namely Rhodiola rosea, Polygonum viviparum and Stellera chamaejasme, on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Methods The rhizosphere soil samples of these three medicinal plants in the alpine grassland of Qinghai Tibet Plateau were detected and analyzed by using the non-targeted metabonomics method of high resolution ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Results The results showed that there was no overlap between the rhizosphere soil samples of the three medicinal plants, and there were significant differences between the each compare group. The results of significantly different metabolites in rhizosphere soil samples showed that there were more significantly different metabolites between P. viviparum, R. rosea and S. chamaejasme, while relatively less significantly different metabolites between R. rosea and S. chamaejasme. ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and purine metabolism showed the highest concentration of metabolic pathways in the rhizosphere soil of the both three medicinal plants. Conclusion The signature metabolites in the rhizosphere soil of three medicinal plants are closely related to their main active constituents. The metabolic pathways of the secondary metabolites of P. viviparum are more diverse than those of S. chamaejasme and R. rosea. The rhizosphere soil metabolic pathways of three medicinal plants are important foundations for the biosynthesis of active secondary metabolites and adapting to alpine ecological environments.

2020年中央高校基本科研业务费项目（31920200121）