在全球范围内，抑郁症是导致自杀的主要原因之一，造成巨大的经济损失和社会负担。其病因复杂，临床症状多样，确切的发病机制暂无定论。中医理论认为“郁证”的“气郁化火”证型与炎症关系密切。近年来，大量研究证实神经炎症调控在抑郁症发病过程中起到关键作用，提示从神经炎症的角度研发新型抗抑郁药物具有广阔前景。丹栀逍遥散可通过减轻神经炎症治疗抑郁症，且具有显著疗效，相比临床常用抗抑郁药物显示出诸多优势。目前关于丹栀逍遥散基于炎症通路发挥抗抑郁功效的机制探讨较少，因此基于抑郁症的神经炎症发病机制，结合中医“郁证”理论，从丹栀逍遥散及方中药对和核心抗炎活性成分的抗抑郁作用机制进行综述，为丹栀逍遥散及其类方抗抑郁功效提供科学依据，也为抑郁症的机制研究和新型抗抑郁药物研发提供借鉴。

Globally, depression is one of the leading causes of rising suicide rates, resulting in huge economic losses and social burdens. The etiology of depression is complex and the clinical symptoms are varied, and the exact pathogenesis is still uncertain. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) classifies depression as “Yu syndrome” and the TCM theory hold that the syndrome type of “qi depression transforming into fire” is closely related to inflammation. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that the regulation of neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of depression, suggesting that the development of new antidepressant drugs from the perspective of neuroinflammation has broad prospects. With the deepening of clinical and experimental research, the classical prescription Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder (丹栀逍遥散) has remarkable efficacy in the treatment of depression by reducing neuroinflammation, and shows many advantages compared with common clinical antidepressants. At present, there are few discussions on the mechanism of antidepressant effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder based on inflammation pathway. Therefore, based on the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation of depression, combined with the TCM theory of “Yu syndrome”, the anti-depressant mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder, medicine pairs and the core anti-inflammatory active ingredients were reviewed in this study, aiming to provide scientific basis for the anti-depressant effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder and its associated prescriptions, and also provide references for the mechanism research of depression to develop new antidepressant drugs.

国家中医药管理局科技司“张仲景传承与创新专项”（GZY-KJS-2022-048-1）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82274496）；河南省科技攻关项目（232102310419）