目的 建立多元统计分析和熵权逼近理想解排序法的绵马贯众炭Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum质量评价方法。方法 收集不同产地的16批次样品，以绵马贯众素ABBA为内参物，采用一测多评（QAMS）法同时检测绵马贯众炭中白绵马素AA、二去甲基伪绵马素AA、伪绵马素、白绵马素AP、绵马酸ABA、绵马贯众素ABBA、山柰素、大豆素、去甲氧基荚果蕨素、异槲皮素和圣草次苷含量；采用多元统计分析和熵权逼近理想解排序（entropy weight technique for order preferenceby similarity to ideal solution，EW-TOPSIS）法对绵马贯众炭质量进行评价。结果 外标法方法学验证符合《中国药典》2020年版规定，所建立的相对校正因子耐用性良好，QAMS法可用于绵马贯众炭中11个成分含量的同步检测；多元统计分析结果显示16批样品呈现一定的区域差异，去甲氧基荚果蕨素、绵马贯众素ABBA、伪绵马素和山柰素是引起不同批次绵马贯众炭分组的主要变量因子，EW-TOPSIS法结果显示16批绵马贯众炭质量评价贴近度（J_b）为0.137 1～0.706 7，S12～S16的排序位于前5位，表明吉林产地所得绵马贯众炭整体质量较好。结论 所建立的集HPLC-QAMS、多元统计分析及EW-TOPSIS法于一身的综合质量评价方法，省时便捷，为绵马贯众炭的品质评价和质量控制提供参考。

Objective To establish a method for quality evaluation of Mianmaguanzhongtan (Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum) by multivariate statistical analysis and entropy weight technique for order preferenceby similarity to ideal solution (EW-TOPSIS) method. Methods A total of 16 batches of samples from different producing areas were collected, and the contents of albaspidin AA, didemethylpseudoaspidin AA, pseudoaspidin, albaspidin AP, filixic acid ABA, tetraalbaspidin ABBA, kaempferide, daidzein, demethoxymatteucinol, isoquercitrin and eriocierin of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum were simultaneously determined by quantitative analysis multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method with tetraalbaspidin ABBA as internal reference substance. A combination of multivariate statistical analysis and EW-TOPSIS was used to evaluate the quality of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum. Results The methodological verification of the external standard method complied with the provisions of 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The established relative correction factor had good durability, and the QAMS method could be used for synchronous detection of 11 components in Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum; The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that 16 batches of samples showed certain regional differences. Demethoxymatteucinol, tetraalbaspidin ABBA, pseudoaspidin and kaempferide were the main variable factors that caused different batches of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum to be grouped. The results of EW-TOPSIS method showed that the quality evaluation closeness (J_b) of 16 batches of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum ranged from 0.137 1 to 0.706 7, and the quality of samples numbered S12—S16 ranked in the top 5, indicating that the overall quality of the Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum obtained from Jilin origin was better. Conclusion The established HPLC-QAMS, multivariate statistical analysis and EW-TOPSIS comprehensive quality evaluation methods are time-saving and convenient, which provide reference for the quality evaluation and quality control of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum.

山西省中医药管理局科研课题（2023ZYYB052）