目的 采用超声辅助低共熔溶剂（deep eutectic solvents，DESs）提取莱菔子中的萝卜硫素，并对其提取工艺、提取效率、溶剂回收利用率及其对铜绿假单胞菌生物膜抑制活性进行研究。方法 采用响应面法（response surface methodology，RSM）实验优化莱菔子中萝卜硫素提取工艺，并结合大孔树脂吸附法回收DESs。结果 由氯化胆碱和乳酸合成的DESs具有最高提取率，经响应面实验优化后，在乳酸与氯化胆碱物质的量比3.16∶1、含水量40.82%、液料比20.96∶1、超声时间39.94 min、超声温度40 ℃、超声功率400 W下，萝卜硫素的提取率高达22.20 mg/g，回收实验表明，回收后的DESs重复提取的萝卜硫素提取率达20.92 mg/g，回收利用率为95.05%。此外，铜绿假单胞菌生物膜抑制实验表明，在256 μg/mL质量浓度下，莱菔子DESs提取物的生物膜抑制率为53.84%。结论 DESs作为提取介质具有高效、绿色环保及可重复利用等优点，可用于莱菔子中萝卜硫素的提取，同时，DESs作为提取介质应用于其他中药有效成分的提取提供了新思路。

Objective Ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was used to extract sulforaphane from Laifuzi (Raphani Semen), and its extraction technology, extraction efficiency, solvent recovery and utilization rate and biofilm inhibition activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. Methods Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process of sulforaphane from Raphani Semen, and DESs was recovered by macroporous resin adsorption. Results DESs synthesized from choline chloride and lactic acid has the highest extraction rate. After optimization by RSM, the extraction rate of sulforaphane is as high as 22.20 mg/g under the conditions of lactic acid to choline chloride molar ratio 3.16:1, water content 40.82%, liquid-solid ratio 20.96:1, ultrasonic time 39.94 min, ultrasonic temperature 40 ℃, ultrasonic power 400 W, and the recovery experiment shows that the extraction rate of sulforaphane repeatedly extracted by DESs is 20.92 mg/g, and the recovery rate is 95.05%. In addition, the biofilm inhibition experiment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows that at the concentration of 256 μg/mL, the biofilm inhibition rate of Raphani Semen DESs extract is 53.84%. Conclusion DESs, as an extraction medium, has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and reusability, and can be used to extract sulforaphane from Raphani Semen. At the same time, it is a new idea to apply DESs as an extraction medium to extract effective components from other traditional Chinese medicines.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金面上项目（82073977）；广东省自然科学基金面上项目（2023A1515011445）