目的 研究中麻黄Ephedra intermedia的化学成分。方法 采用Toyopreal HW-40C、Sephadex LH-20、硅胶和半制备高效液相等多种色谱学技术分离得到单体化合物，并根据其理化性质和波谱学数据鉴定其结构，并通过建立C48/80诱导RBL-2H3细胞脱颗粒体外模型，对中麻黄中所得单体化合物进行体外抗哮喘活性筛选。结果 从中麻黄50%丙酮提取物中分离得到21个化合物，分别鉴定为3-羟基-5-(4'-羟基苯基)戊酸乙酯（1）、3-羟基-5-(4'-羟基苯基)戊酸甲酯（2）、儿茶酚（3）、苯甲酸（4）、5-(4-羟基苯基)-2-戊烯酸（5）、(＋)-rhododendrol（6）、frambinone（7）、香草乙酮（8）、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯（9）、3,4-二羟基苯乙醇（10）、姜酮（11）、原儿茶酸（12）、3,5-二羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸（13）、丁香酸（14）、3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzene carboxylic acid（15）、香草酸（16）、丁香酸甲酯（17）、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙酮（18）、去甲丁香色原酮（19）、5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone（20）、2-guaiacylpropane-1,3-diol（21）。对所得单体化合物进行体外抗哮喘活性筛选，结果显示，与模型组相比，在给药10 μmol/L条件下，化合物5、18、19能够显著抑制β-氨基己糖苷酶的释放（P＜0.05、0.01），化合物4、6、8、11、20、21能够轻微抑制β-氨基己糖苷酶的释放。结论 化合物1和2为2个首次确定绝对构型的新天然产物，化合物3、5～15、17～21首次从该植物中分离得到，其体外抗哮喘活性筛选结果表明，在给药10 μmol/L条件下，化合物5、18、19能够显著改善RBL-2H3脱颗粒现象，化合物4、6、8、11、20、21能够轻微改善RBL-2H3脱颗粒现象。

Objective To investigate chemical constituents of Ephedra intermedia. Methods The monomer compounds of this plant were isolated by various chromatographic techniques such as Toyopreal HW-40C, Sephadex LH-20, silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC. And their structures were determined by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. The anti-asthma activities of these compounds from E. intermedia were evaluated by establishing an in vitro model of RBL-2H3 cells degranulation induced by C48/80. Results A total of 21 compounds were isolated from 50% acetone extract of E. intermedia, and identified as 3-hydroxy-5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl valerate (1), 3-hydroxy-5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) methyl valerate (2), catechol (3), benzoic acid (4), 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-pentenoic acid (5), (+)-rhododendrol (6), frambinone (7), acetovanillone (8), methyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate (9), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (10), zingerone (11), protocatechuate (12), 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-benzoic acid (13), syringic acid (14), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzene carboxylic acid (15), vanillic acid (16), methyl syringate (17), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxypropiophenone (18), noreugenin (19), 5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone (20), 2-guaiacylpropane-1,3-diol (21). The results of their anti-asthma activities showed that compounds 5, 18, 19 (P < 0.05, 0.01) could significantly inhibit the release of β-hexosaminidase (β-Hex) at the concentration of 10 μmol/L, and compounds 4, 6, 8, 11, 20, 21 could slightly inhibit the release of β-Hex at the concentration of 10 μmol/L. Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 are two new natural products determined their absolute configurations for the first time, and compounds 3, 5—15, and 17—21 were isolated from E. intermedia for the first time. The results of in vitro anti-asthma activities screening showed that compounds 5, 18, 19 could significantly improve RBL-2H3 degranulation, and compounds 4, 6, 8, 11, 20, 21 could slightly improve RBL-2H3 degranulation at the concentration of 10 μmol/L.

R284.1

国家重点研发计划-中医药现代化研究重点专项（2019YFC1708800）