目的 对多籽五层龙Salacia polysperma枝叶进行化学成分研究。方法 采用正反相硅胶柱色谱、MCI、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段进行分离纯化，根据1D和2D NMR、MS、IR等波谱数据和理化性质对化合物进行结构鉴定。采用分光光度法测定化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结果 从多籽五层龙枝叶90%乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部分中分离鉴定了7个化合物，分别为3α,27,28-三羟基木栓烷（1）、kokoonol（2）、28-hydroxyfriedelan- 3-one-29-oic acid（3）、maytenfolone（4）、黑蔓醇酯乙（5）、α-香树脂素（6）、赤桐甾醇（7）。化合物3表现出较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性，半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值为15.1 μmol/L。化合物1、2、4也具有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，IC₅₀值分别为57.8、39.4、27.6 μmol/L，其余化合物在100 μmol/L的较高浓度下未显示出对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结论 化合物1为1个新的木栓烷型三萜，命名为多籽五层龙醇（polysperol）；所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物3具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of branches and leaves of Salacia polysperma. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by positive and negative phase silica gel column chromatography, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified by 1D, 2D NMR, MS and IR spectra and physicochemical properties. The inhibitory effect of these compounds on α-glucosidase was determined by spectrophotography. Results A total of seven compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extract part of 90% EtOH extract of branches and leaves of S. polysperma. Their structures were identified as 3α,27,28-trihydroxy friedelane (1), kokoonol (2), 28-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one-29-oic acid (3), maytenfolone (4), regelindiol B (5), α-amyrin (6), and clerosterol (7). Compound 3 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with a median inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) value of 15.1 μmol/L. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 showed slight α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 57.8, 39.4, and 27.6 μmol/L, respectively. The other compounds displayed none inhibitory activity even in a high concentration of 100 μmol/L. Conclusion Compound 1, named polysterol, was a new friedelane type triterpenoid and all compounds were isolated from this medicinal plant for the first time. Compound 3 showed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（82360688）；国家自然科学基金项目（81860620）；云南省中医药联合专项重点项目（202101AZ070001-164）；云南省教育厅高原特色民族药用植物研究科技创新团队；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目-傣药学（Zyyzdxk-2023192）