目的 研究高寒植物长鞭红景天Rhodiola fastigiata干燥全株的脂肪族类化学成分和抗疟活性。方法 采用反复硅胶柱色谱以及RP-18、MCI、Sephadex LH-20等多种色谱手段进行分离纯化，根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。通过SYBR Green I法，对分离得到的化合物进行抗疟活性筛选。结果 从长鞭红景天干燥全株95%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了15个脂肪族类化合物，分别鉴定为10α-葫芦-7,24二烯醇（1）、β-香树脂醇乙酸酯（2）、豆甾烷-3-酮（3）、豆甾-4-烯-3-酮（4）、β-谷甾醇（5）、schleicheol 1（6）、豆甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮（7）、(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol（8）、豆甾-4-烯-6β-醇-3-酮（9）、3β-羟基豆甾-5-烯-7-酮（10）、6α-羟基豆甾-4-烯-3-酮（11）、豆甾烷-3,6-二醇（12）、正二十二烷醇（13）、二十四烷醇（14）、去氢木香内酯（15）。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为表葫芦二烯醇；化合物2、13和14为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物3、4、6～12和15为首次从红景天属中分离得到；化合物15对恶性疟原虫3D7株具有一定抗疟活性。

Objective To study the aliphatic chemical constituents and antimalarial activity of the dried whole plant Rhodiola fastigiate. Methods The chemical constituents from 95% ethanol extract of R. fastigiate were isolated and purified by repeated silica gel column chromatography, combined with the other column chromatography padded with RP-18, MCI, and sephadex LH-20, respectively, and their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data. Meanwhile, the isolated compounds were evaluated for antimalarial activity. Results Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as 10α-cucurbita-7,24-diene-3β-ol (1), β-amyrin acetate (2), stigmastan-3-one (3), stigmast-4-en-3-one (4), β-sitosterol (5), schleicheol 1 (6), stigmast-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (7), (22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (8), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (9), 7-oxositosterol (10), stigmast-4-ene-6α-ol-3-one (11), stigmastane-3,6-diol (12), 1-docosanol (13), tetracosanol (14), and dehydrocostus lactone (15).Conclusion Compound 1 wais a new compound and named epi-10α-cucurbitadienol, compounds 2, 13 and 14 wasere isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 3, 4, 6—12 and 15 were firstly isolated from Rhodiola genus. Compound 15 has certain antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain.

国家自然科学基金地区基金项目（81960637）；云南省滇西抗病原植物资源筛选研究重点实验室（APR2022Y02）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目（2023Y1031）