沉香Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum是沉香属植物含树脂的木材，广泛应用于传统医学、香料、宗教等领域。沉香的形成与沉香属植物应对伤害防御诱导反应有关，其中内生真菌在沉香形成过程中发挥着重要的作用。综述了沉香属植物内生真菌的多样性，概括了内生真菌在促进沉香属植物次生代谢物积累、提高抗生物胁迫能力等功能，并提出沉香内生真菌研究与开发存在的问题和对策，为沉香增产技术开发提供参考。

Agarwood is resinous heartwood of Aquilaria genus plants, which is widely used in traditional medicine, perfume, religions, etc. The formation of agarwood is related to the defense-induced response of Aquilaria genus to injury. Studies have shown that endophytic fungi play an important role in the formation of agarwood. This paper reviews the diversity of endophytic fungi in Aquilaria genus, and summarizes the functions of endophytic fungi in promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Aquilaria genus and improving the ability to resist biological stress, and puts forward the problems and countermeasures in the research and development of endophytic fungi in Aquilaria genus, aiming to direct the development of Aquilaria yield-increasing technology.

中国医学科学院与健康科技创新工程项目（2021-I2M-1-032）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-21）资助；海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目（321RC661）