中药材质量的优劣直接关系中药临床疗效的高低，干燥是植物性中药材采收后广泛应用的重要加工工序，是形成药材品质的关键环节。一般认为，真空冷冻干燥可较好地保护中药材质量，但这些优势的形成机制鲜有总结。同时，真空冷冻干燥也存在挥发性成分易损失、部分有效成分转化不足、破坏细胞结构完整性、影响后续贮存等缺点。通过对真空冷冻干燥的优势与不足进行综述，同时为扬长避短，总结了调控技术和方法，为真空冷冻干燥技术在中药材干燥领域的合理应用提供参考。

The quality of Chinese herbal medicine directly affects the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine. Drying is an important and widely used processing procedure for the Chinese herbal medicine after harvesting, and it plays a crucial role in determining the quality of medicinal materials. It is generally believed that vacuum freeze-drying can better protect the quality of Chinese herbal medicine, but the underlying mechanisms for these advantages are rarely summarized. At the same time, vacuum freeze-drying also has shortcomings that are easy to be ignored, including loss of volatile components, insufficient conversion of some active ingredients, destruction of cell structural integrity, and impacts on subsequent storage. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of vacuum freeze-drying are reviewed, and the control techniques and methods are summarized in order to enhance the advantages and avoid the disadvantages, so as to provide reference for the rational application of vacuum freeze-drying technology in the field of Chinese herbal medicine drying.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81903929）；省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202310412104）；江西省研究生创新专项资金项目（YC2022-s857）；江西中医药大学研究生创新专项资金项目（JZYC23S61）