目的 探究枸杞密码子的使用模式及影响因素。方法 基于中国枸杞Lycium chinense、黄果枸杞L. barbarum和白果枸杞L. ruthenicum的叶绿体基因组，利用CodonW 1.4.2软件、Python软件和Excel软件等分析枸杞密码子使用偏性。结果 3个枸杞叶绿体基因组具有相似的密码子使用模式，密码子第3位碱基平均GC含量为25.68%～25.77%；3个枸杞的ENC值均在35以上，表明枸杞叶绿体基因组密码子偏性较弱。ENC-plot、PR2-plot和中性分析结果显示枸杞叶绿体基因组密码子偏性主要受自然选择影响。基于相对同义密码子分析，枸杞植物中共有最优密码子13个。结论 枸杞叶绿体基因组密码子第3位碱基主要以A/T结尾，且密码子偏性主要受自然选择的影响。通过对枸杞植物的聚类分析，揭示了枸杞植物的遗传关系以及枸杞植物密码子使用模式的影响因素，为后续探究枸杞植物的系统发育提供参考。

Objective To explore the use pattern and influencing factors of codons in Chinese wolfberry. Methods Based on chloroplast genomes of L. chinese, L. barbarum and L. ruthenicum, CodonW 1.4.2 software, Python software and Excel software were used to analyze the codon usage bias of Chinese wolfberry. Results The three Chinese wolfberry chloroplast genomes had similar codon usage patterns, and the average GC content of the third base of codon was 25.68%—25.77%. The ENC values were all above 35, indicating that the codon bias of Chinese wolfberry chloroplast genomes was weak. The results of ENC-plot, PR2-plot and neutral analysis showed that the codon bias of Chinese wolfberry chloroplast genomes was mainly affected by natural selection. Based on the analysis of relative synonymous codons, there were 13 optimal codons in Chinese wolfberry plants. Conclusion The third base of codons of the L. chinese chloroplast genomes mainly ends with A/T, and the codon bias is mainly affected by natural selection. Through the cluster analysis of L. chinese plants, the genetic relationship and the influencing factors of codon usage patterns of Chinese wolfberry plants were revealed, which provided a reference for the subsequent exploration of the phylogenetic development of Chinese wolfberry plants.

兰州资源环境职业技术大学重点研究项目（X2022ZD-05）；兰州市科技计划项目资助（2022-2-22）