皂苷广泛存在于药用植物中，按母核结构可分为三萜和甾体皂苷，具有多种药理活性。众多研究发现皂苷中糖基部分的组成与其药理活性密切相关，改变皂苷分子中的糖基数量和结构能改变皂苷的药理活性及其生物利用度，为开发药物提供更多的化合物资源。相较于传统的化学方法，皂苷生物转化修饰糖基部分具有选择性高、成本低、污染小等优点，被广泛用于次级皂苷与皂苷元的制备。通过对皂苷脱糖基转化生成较高生物活性的次级皂苷与苷元的研究进展进行综述，为皂苷类化合物生物转化研究提供思路和方法。

Saponins, which are present in various medicinal plants, can be categorized into triterpenoid saponins and steroidal saponins based on the structure of their core nucleus, which have various pharmacological activities. Many studies have found that the composition of glycoside is closely related to its pharmacological activity, altering the number and structures of glycosyl groups attached to saponins can modulate their pharmacological activity and bioavailability, thereby offering potential avenues for drug development. Biotransformation of saponins, as opposed to traditional chemical methods, presents several advantages such as heightened selectivity, reduced costs, and minimal environmental impact and has extensive application in the synthesis of secondary saponins and sapogenin. This paper reviews the research progress of secondary saponins and aglycans with high biological activity from the deglycosylation of saponins, which provided the idea and method for the biotransformation of saponins.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82304811）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2023-JYB-JBQN-056）