目的 研究芦根（芦苇Phragmites communis的根茎）的亲水性化学成分，并对分离的化合物进行初步的美白活性研究。方法 芦根乙醇提取物经有机溶剂萃取后的水部分采用D101大孔吸附树脂、硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、ODS及HILIC色谱柱等进行分离纯化，根据理化性质及核磁共振波谱数据对所得化合物进行结构鉴定。以熊果苷为阳性对照，采用斑马鱼对获得的化合物进行美白活性研究。结果 共分离鉴定了9个化合物，分别为 (1'R,2'S)-丁香酚基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）、(7R,7'R,7'R,8S,8'S,8'S)-丁香酚基甘油-β-丁香树脂酚醚4,4'双-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）、(1'R,2'S)-愈创木基甘油 3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）、(1'S,2'S)-愈创木基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）、(1'R,2'R)-愈创木基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（5）、(1'S,2'R)-愈创木基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、(1'R,2'R)-丁香酚基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（7）、(1'S,2'S)-丁香酚基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）、(1'S,2'R)-丁香酚基甘油3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（9）。化合物5、7、8可抑制斑马鱼胚胎黑色素的生成。结论 化合物1、2为新化合物，分别命名为芦根苷C、芦根苷D；化合物3～9均为首次从芦根中分离得到；化合物5、7、8表现强的美白活性。

Objective To study the hydrophilic components of rhizomes of Phragmites communis, and preliminary explore the whitening activity of the isolated compounds. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by D101 macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, ODS and HILIC, and their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data．Zebrafish model was used to study the whitening activity of compounds isolated from rhizomes of P. communis using arbutin as positive control. Results Nine compounds were isolated and identified as (1'R,2'S)-syringyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (7R,7'R,7'R,8S,8'S,8'S)-syringyl glycerol-β-syringaresinol ether 4,4' di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), (1'R,2'S)-guaiacyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (1'S,2'S)-guaiacyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), (1'R,2'R)-guaiacyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), (1'S,2'R)-guaiacyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (6), (1'R,2'R)-syringyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), (1'S,2'S)-syringyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), (1'S,2'R)-syringyl glycerol 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Compounds 5, 7, 8 could inhibit the production of melanin in zebrafish embryos. Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, and named as phragcomsides C and D. Compounds 3—9 were isolated from the rhizomes of P. communis for the first time. Compounds 5, 7, 8 showed promising whitening activity.

天津市科技计划项目（20ZXGBSY00050）