目的 对白背枫Buddleja asiatica进行化学成分研究。方法 采用正反相硅胶柱色谱、MCI、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段进行分离纯化，根据1D和2D NMR，MS等波谱数据和理化性质对化合物进行结构鉴定。采用分光光度发测定化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。结果 从白背枫茎叶90%甲醇提取物的二氯甲烷萃取部分中分离鉴定了9个化合物，分别为 (S)-1,4-di(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)butan-2-one（1）、meridinol（2）、3,3'-bis（3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran）（3）、protocatechualdehyde（4）、丁香醛（5）、3,4-二甲氧基桂皮酸（6）、4-甲氧基桂皮酸（7）、异东莨菪内酯（8）、松柏醛（9）。化合物3表现出一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，IC₅₀值为41.3 μmol/L。其余化合物未见α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结论 化合物1为1个新的降木脂素，命名为白背枫酮。除化合物6外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物3有中等程度的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Buddleja asiatica. Methods The compounds were obtained by silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and prep-HPLC column chromatography. Their structures were identified by 1D-, 2D NMR, and MS analysis. The isolates were assayed for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities by spectrophotography. Results Nine compounds were isolated from 90% MeOH extract of B. asiatica. The structures were identified as (S)-1,4-di(benzo [d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)butan-2-one (1), meridinol (2), 3,3'-bis(3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran) (3), protocatechualdehyde (4), syringaldehyde (5), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (6), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (7), isoscopoletin (8), coniferaldehyde (9). Compound 3 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 41.3 μmol/L. Conclusion Compound 1 was a new norlignan and named as (−)-asiaticaone. Compounds 1—5, 7—9 were isolated from B. asiatica for the first time. Compound 3 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

国家自然科学基金项目（82360688）；国家自然科学基金项目（81860620）；云南省中医药联合专项重点项目（202101AZ070001-164）；云南省教育厅高原特色民族药用植物研究科技创新团队