普通感冒是最常见的急性呼吸道感染性疾病，中医理论认为，感冒是由于素体卫气不足，而后六淫病邪或时行之邪侵袭人体所致，可进一步据其病机不同分为若干类型，风寒、风热感冒为其中的2大类。中药复方对于风寒及风热感冒具有良好的疗效及悠久的应用历史，但其药效、药理机制研究仍存在一定局限，主要原因在于目前并无较为成熟的、基于中医理论的感冒动物模型。通过文献调研及整理，对风寒感冒及风热感冒病机进行探讨及总结，并结合近代药理文献对感冒体征相关动物模型的制备方法进行归纳，为建立成熟、基于中医理论的风寒和风热感冒动物模型及其评价标准提供依据。

The common cold is the most prevalent acute respiratory tract infectious disease. According to traditional Chinese Medicine theory, the cause of the cold is due to the deficiency of the defensive qi and invasion of the body by external factors, such as six climatic exopathogens or seasonal pathogens. This can be further classified into common cold with wind-cold syndromes and common cold with wind-heat syndromes based on the different pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicine compounds have a long-standing application history and are effective in treating the common cold with wild-cold syndromes and wind-heat syndromes. However, research on pharmacodynamics and pharmacological mechanisms is limited due to a lack of a mature animal model of cold based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. By investigating and collecting relevant literatures, this paper discusses and summarizes the pathogenesis of the common cold with wild-cold syndromes and wind-heat syndromes and reviews the preparation methods of relevant animal models with syndromes of common cold in modern pharmacological literature. Based on the abovementioned work, this review may serve as a reference and theory guidance for the establishment and evaluation criteria of the mature animal model of common cold with wild-cold syndromes and wind-heat syndromes based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.