目的 研究穿心草Canscora lucidissima全草中𠮿酮类成分。方法 运用硅胶柱色谱、MCI柱色谱、半制备HPLC及重结晶等多种分离方法对穿心草95%乙醇提取物进行分离纯化，根据理化性质以及波谱数据对分离的单体化合物进行结构鉴定，对获得的化合物采用Griess法测定抗炎活性。结果 从穿心草中共分离得到18个化合物，分别为1-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基𠮿酮（1）、1-羟基-3,7-二甲氧基𠮿酮（2）、1,5-二羟基-3-甲氧基𠮿酮（3）、1,3-二羟基-5-甲氧基𠮿酮（4）、1,3,7-三羟基-6-甲氧基𠮿酮（5）、5-羟基-1,3 -二甲氧基𠮿酮（6）、1,6-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基𠮿酮（7）、1,5-二羟基-3,6-二甲氧基𠮿酮（8）、1,3,5-三羟基𠮿酮（9）、3,7,8-三羟基-1-甲氧基𠮿酮（10）、1,3,7-三羟基𠮿酮（11）、1,3,7,8-四羟基𠮿酮（12）、1,3,5,8-四羟基𠮿酮（13）、1,3,6-三羟基-5-甲氧基𠮿酮（14）、1,5,6-三羟基-3-甲氧基𠮿酮（15）、1,3,6,7-四羟基𠮿酮（16）、1,7,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基𠮿酮（17）、1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基𠮿酮（18）。化合物15和17能够显著降低脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）刺激的小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞RAW264.7中一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）的释放，在50 μmol/L时其抑制率分别为89.85%、69.69%。结论 化合物2、4～7、10、11、17为首次从穿心草属植物中分离得到，化合物8、9、14～16为首次从该植物中发现。化合物15和17表现一定的抗炎活性。

Objective To study the xanthones in Canscora lucidissima. Methods The 95% ethanol extract of C. lucidissima was separated and purified by silica gel, MCI, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic separation methods, and the structure of the isolates were identified according to the physical and chemical properties as well as spectral data. The anti-inflammatory activity of the obtained compounds was determined by Griess method. Results A total of 18 compounds were identified as 1-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone (1), 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (2), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-met-hoxyxanthone (3), 1,3-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (4), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone (5), 5-hydroxy-1,3-dimethoxyxanthone (6), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (7), 1,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyxanthone (8), 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone (9), 1-methoxy-3,7,8-trihydroxy- xanthone (10), 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (11), 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (12), 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (13), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (14), 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (15), 1,3,6,7-tetrahyd-roxyxanthone (16), 1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (17) and 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (18). Compounds 15 and 17 significantly reduced the release of nitric oxide from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse monocyte macrophage leukemia cells (RAW264.7), with inhibition rates of 89.85% and 69.69% at 50 μmol/L. Conclusion Among them, compounds 2, 4—7, 10, 11 and 17 are isolated from the genus Canscora for the first time, and 8, 9 and 14—16 are first discovered from this plant. Compounds 15 and 17 exhibited mild anti-inflammatory activity.

国家自然科学基金项目（82074010）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目（2022-I2M-1-017）