目的 评价小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒治疗小儿过敏性咳嗽的有效性。方法 采用豚鼠过敏性咳嗽、小鼠氨水引咳及豚鼠枸橼酸引咳实验模型，考察药物的止咳作用；以豚鼠组胺引喘及豚鼠离体气管实验模型，考察药物的平喘作用；以小鼠酚红实验模型，考察药物的祛痰作用；以大鼠被动皮肤过敏实验模型，考察药物的抗过敏作用。结果 9.0、18.0 g/kg小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒连续给药7 d，明显延长过敏性咳嗽豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期（P<0.05、0.01），明显减少咳嗽次数（P<0.05、0.01）；7.50、15.00、30.00 g/kg小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒连续给药3 d，均明显减少氨水致小鼠的咳嗽次数（P<0.01）；9.0、18.0 g/kg小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒连续给药3 d，明显延长枸椽酸致豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期（P<0.05），明显减少咳嗽次数（P<0.05、0.01），明显延长组胺引喘致豚鼠跌倒的潜伏期（P<0.05、0.01）；拮抗组胺致豚鼠离体气管条痉挛的半数有效剂量（median effective dose，ED₅₀）为0.123 g/kg。7.50、15.00 g/kg小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒连续给药3 d，明显增加小鼠气管酚红排泄量（P<0.05、0.01）；5.0、10.0 g/kg小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒连续给药7 d，剂量明显减小大鼠皮肤蓝斑直径（P<0.05），降低吸光度（P<0.05、0.01）。结论 小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒具有明显的止咳、平喘、祛痰及抗过敏作用，对过敏性咳嗽有明显的治疗作用。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule (小儿麻龙止咳平喘颗粒) in treating allergic cough in children. Methods Allergic cough in guinea pigs, cough induced by ammonia water in mice and cough induced by citric acid in guinea pigs were used to investigate the antitussive effect of the drug; The antiasthmatic effect of drug was investigated in guinea pig asthma model induced by histamine and isolated guinea pig trachea; The expectorant effect was evaluated by phenol red test in mice; Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats was used to investigate the antiallergic effect of drugs. Results Continuous administration of 9.0, 18.0 g/kg Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule for 7 d significantly prolonged the cough latency of allergic cough guinea pigs (P < 0.05, 0.01), and significantly reduced the number of coughs (P < 0.05, 0.01); The continuous administration of 7.50, 15.00, 30.00 g/kg Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule for 3 d significantly reduced the number of coughs caused by ammonia in mice (P < 0.01); Continuous administration of 9.0, 18.0 g/kg Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule for 3 d significantly prolonged the cough latency caused by citric acid in guinea pigs (P < 0.05), significantly reduced the number of coughs (P < 0.05, 0.01), and significantly prolonged the latency caused by histamine induced asthma in guinea pigs (P < 0.05, 0.01); The median effective dose (ED₅₀) for antagonizing histamine induced isolated tracheal spasm in guinea pigs was 0.123g/kg. Continuous administration of 7.50, 15.00 g/kg Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule for 3 d significantly increased the excretion of phenol red in the trachea of mice (P < 0.05, 0.01); Continuous administration of 5.0, 10.0 g/kg Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule for 7 d significantly reduced the diameter of the blue spot on the skin of rats (P < 0.05), and decreased the absorbance (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion Xiaoer Malong Zhike Pingchuan Granule has obvious cough relieving, asthma relieving, expectorant, and anti-allergic effects, and has a significant therapeutic effect on allergic cough.

R285.5

2020年度海口市重大科技创新项目（2020-002）