目的 阐明维药大苞荆芥中的活性物质并研究其抗炎活性。方法 采用多种色谱方法对大苞荆芥化学成分进行系统的分离纯化，并利用波谱解析和理化性质对化合物的结构进行鉴定。同时采用MTT比色法，以氢化可的松作为阳性对照，对化合物进行体外抗炎活性实验。结果 从大苞荆芥中分离鉴定了20个化合物（包括2个酚酸类化合物和18个二萜类化合物），分别为7-氧代去氢松香酸（1 ）、脱氢松香醇（2 ）、朗伯酸（3 ）、3β，7α-二羟基-松香-8，11，13-三烯（4 ）、雷酚萜L（5 ）、13S-hydroxy-9-oxo-9，10-seco-abiet-8（14）-en-18，10α-olide（6 ）、8，11，13-阿松香三烯-7a，18-二醇（7 ）、3β，19-二羟基-松香-8，11，13-三烯（8 ）、7α，15，18-三羟基-松香-8，11，13-三烯（9 ）、松香烷-8，11，13-三烯-7β-醇（10 ）、6α-羟基脱氢松香酸（11 ）、15-羟基-松香-8，11，13-三烯-19-乙酸酯（12 ）、7a-羟基-松香-8，11，13-三烯-19-乙酸酯（13 ）、水杨酸（14 ）、反式-3-甲氧基-4-羟基肉桂酸（15 ）、15-羟基松香酸（16 ）、7β-羟基脱氢松香酸（17 ）、6-羟基脱氢松香酸（18 ）、角果酸G（19 ）、家地非诺酸K（20 ）。抗炎活性实验结果表明，化合物11 对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW264.7中NO释放有抑制作用，半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值为0.256 mg/mL。结论 化合物5 、6 、11 、13 为首次从唇形科植物中分离得到；化合物1 、3 、4 、7 、8 、10 、12 为首次从荆芥属植物中分离得到；化合物2 、9 、14 、15 为首次从大苞荆芥中分离得到；化合物11 具有一定的抗炎活性，具有进一步深入研究的价值。

Objective To elucidate the active substances in Nepeta bracteata and their anti-inflammatory activities. Methods The chemical constituents of N. bracteata were systematically isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods, and the structures of the compounds were identified by spectral analysis and physicochemical properties. Meanwhile, MTT colorimetry was used to test the anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds in vitro with hydrocortisone as the positive control. Results Twenty compounds (two phenolic acids and 18 diterpenoids) were isolated and identified from N. bracteata and identified as 7-oxodehydroabietic acid (1), dehydroabietol (2), lambertic acid (3), 3β,7α-dihydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-triene (4), triptobenzene L (5), 13S-hydroxy-9-oxo-9,10-seco-abiet-8(14)-en-18,10a-olide (6), 8,11,13-abietatriene-7a,18-diol (7), 3β,19-dihydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-triene (8), 7α,15,18-trihydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-triene (9), abieta-8,11,13-trien-7β-ol (10), 6α-hydroxycallitrisic acid (11), 19-acetoxy-15-hydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-triene (12), 7a-hydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-trien-19-ylacetate (13), salicylis acid (14), trans-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-cinnamic acid (15), 15-hydroxycallitrisic acid (16), 7β-hydroxycallitrisic acid (17), 6-hydroxycallitrisic acid (18), angustanoic acid G (19) and Jiadifenoic acid K (20). The results of anti-inflammatory activity showed that compound 11 inhibited the release of NO in LPS induced mouse macrophages RAW264.7, with IC₅₀ value of 0.256 mg/mL. Conclusion Compounds 5, 6, 11 and 13 were isolated from Lamiaceae for the first time. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, and 12 are isolated from Nepeta genus for the first time. Compounds 2, 9, 1 4 and 15 were isolated from N. bracteata for the first time. Compounds 11 had certain anti-inflammatory activity, which had the value for further in-depth research.

R284.1

新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项（Ky2023zmy005）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程（2022-I2M-1-017）