目的 探究云南重楼Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis（滇重楼）根茎中甾体皂苷活性成分和生物量积累随生长年限的变化状况，以期为滇重楼的质量控制提供科学依据。方法 以7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15年生滇重楼为研究对象，采用HPLC法和直接称重法测定不同年限滇重楼根茎中8种甾体皂苷（重楼皂苷Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅲ、H、V和纤细薯蓣皂苷）含量和生物量。结果 8种甾体皂苷活性成分线性关系良好（R²≥0.999 5），精密度、重复性、稳定性和加样回收率的RSD值均小于3%，验证了该方法的可行性；随着年限的增长，滇重楼根茎生物量呈逐渐增长的趋势，其生长发育可分为增长缓慢期（第1～4年）、增长快速期（第5～10年）和增长平缓期（第11年后）3个阶段，其中7年生滇重楼根茎生物量增长最快，平均年增长量达（31.843±14.225）g；滇重楼根茎中8种甾体皂苷成分含量在不同生长年限的变化呈随机波动、无规律，《中国药典》2020版规定的3个指标成分重楼皂苷Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅶ含量之和与8种甾体皂苷总和的变化趋势一致；用4个主成分对不同年限滇重楼药材进行综合评价，结果显示7年生样品在所有样品中的综合得分位于前7名。结论 建立了同时测定滇重楼中8种甾体皂苷活性成分含量的方法，可用于滇重楼的质量评价；滇重楼并非种植年限越长越好，建议以7年生滇重楼采收入药为最佳。

Objective To investigate the accumulation regularities of active steroidal saponins and biomass in the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. -Mazz. (PPY) with different growth years, and provide a scientific basis for the quality control of PPY. Methods The 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 years old of PPY were used as the subjects of the study. The content of polyphyllin Ⅰ, polyphyllin Ⅱ, polyphyllin Ⅵ polyphyllin Ⅶ, polyphyllin IⅡ (dioscin), polyphyllin H, polyphyllin V and gracillin in rhizomes of PPY were determined by HPLC. A direct weighing method was used to determine the dry weight accumulation of PPYwith different growth years. Results The standard calibration curves of the deteced components were linearly good (R² ≥ 0.999 5), and RSDs of precision, reproducibility, stability and average recoveries tests were all lower than 3%, which verified the feasibility of the method. The rhizome biomass of PPY increased with the growing ages. Biomass accumulations of the rhizome could be divided into three stages:slow phase (1st to 4th year), rapid phase (5th to 10th year), steady phase (after 11th year), in which the biomass of 7-year-old rhizome of PPY grew the fastest, with an average annual growth of (31.843 ±14.225) g. The content of the eight steroidal saponins in the rhizomes of PPY showed random fluctuations and irregularities at different growth years. The total content of polyphyllins (Ⅰ + Ⅱ + Ⅶ)% of the quality control standard of Paridis Rhizoma prescribed by Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) was consistent with the trend of the sum of the eight steroidal saponins. A comprehensive evaluation of PPY with different growth years using four principal components showed that the 7-year-old samples were in the top seven of all samples in terms of comprehensive score. Conclusion In this study, a method was established for the simultaneous determination of the content of eight steroidal saponins in the rhizoms of PPY, which can be used for the quality evaluation of PPY; PPY is not planted for a longer period of time the better, it is recommended that the optimum cultivation period is seven years.

R286.2

国家自然科学基金重点项目（82060694）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（81860674）；云南省教育厅研究生项目（2022Y365）；云南省科技人才和平台计划（202105AG070012）；云南省科学技术厅中医药联合专项-面上项目（202101AZ070001-208）