目的 对黄花白及Bletilla ochracea块茎的化学成分进行研究。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、ODS反相柱色谱及HPLC等色谱方法进行分离和纯化，并通过理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定其结构。采用体外凝血活性评价高含量化合物2和7对活化部分凝血酶时间（activated partial thromboplastin time，APTT）和凝血酶原时间（prothrombin time，PT）的影响。结果 从黄花白及干燥块茎的85%乙醇提取物正丁醇萃取部位中共分离得到了8个苄酯苷类化合物，分别鉴定为1-[4'-β-D-（葡萄糖氧）苄基]-4-{4'-[β-D-葡萄糖氧-（1-2）-β-D-葡萄糖氧）]苄基}-2-异丁基苹果酸酯（1）、1，4-二-[4-（葡萄糖氧）苄基]-2-异丁基苹果酸酯（2）、2-O-葡萄糖基白及苷（3）、手参苷III（4）、4-葡萄糖氧基-肉桂酸葡萄糖氧基苄酯（5）、bleformin J（6）、天麻素（7）、4-羟基苄基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）。化合物2能显著缩短APTT和PT值。结论 其中化合物1为新化合物，命名为黄花白及苷A；化合物3～6和8为首次从该植物分离得到。化合物2具有促凝血活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Bletilla ochracea. Methods A total of eight compounds were isolated and purified from the n-butyl alcohol portion of 85% ethanol extract of its rhizomes by various column chromatography involving silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and preparative HPLC. The effects of high concentrations of compounds 2 and 7 on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were evaluated by in vitro coagulation activity. Results Their structures were identified, on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidences, as 1-(4'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-4-{4'-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]benzyl}-(2R)-2- isobutylmalate (1), militarine (2), dactylorhin A (3), gymnoside III (4), shancigusin I (5), bleformin J (6), gastrodin (7), 4-hydroxybenzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (8). Compound 2 significantly shortened APTT and PT values. Conclusion Among them, compound 1 is a new compound named bleochrside A, compounds 3-6 and 8 are first isolated from this plant. In addition, compound 2 showed procoagulant activity.

国家自然科学基金项目（32160102）；省部共建药用植物功效与利用国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目（FAMP202103K）；贵州省科技项目（ZK[2021]一般558，ZK[2021]一般512，[2022]一般125，[2022]重点019）