寡糖作为近年来备受关注的中药活性成分之一，具有广泛的药理活性和开发应用前景。寡糖种类多样、组成复杂，存在多种异构体，分离纯化和结构鉴定存在较大难度。采用文献分析法，系统梳理了近20年有关寡糖研究的相关文献，归纳了寡糖分离纯化的主要方法，包括色谱法（凝胶色谱法、离子交换色谱法、反相高效液相色谱法、活性炭色谱法、石墨化碳色谱法、亲水作用色谱法）、毛细管电泳法、膜分离技术等，以及寡糖结构鉴定的主要方法，包括紫外光谱法、红外光谱法、核磁共振波谱法、质谱法、色谱法、色谱-质谱联用技术等，并分析了这些方法的适用范围和发展趋势。

Oligosaccharides, as one of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that has attracted much attention in recent years, have a wide range of pharmacological activities and development and application prospects. Oligosaccharides are diverse and complex in composition, with many isomers, which are difficult to isolate, purify and identify. This review used literature analysis to systematically sort out the relevant literature on oligosaccharides in the past 20 years. This paper summarized the main methods for the isolation and purification of oligosaccharides, including chromatographies (gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reversed-phase liquid chromatography, activated carbon chromatography, graphitized carbon chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography), capillary electrophoresis and membrane separation technology, and the main methods for the identification of oligosaccharides, including ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, chromatography and chromatography-mass spectrometry technology. The application range and development trend of these methods were analyzed.

R284

国家自然科学基金项目（82074283）