心脑血管疾病多发于老年群体，但近年来随着人们不良生活习惯的加剧，心脑血管疾病患病呈低龄化趋势。许多研究表明，心脑血管疾病与肠道菌群的组成及其功能密切相关，肠道菌群失衡、肠道屏障功能及肠道菌群代谢产物均可影响心脑血管疾病的发生和发展。中药对心脑血管疾病的治疗有着独特优势，但其作用机制尚不完全清晰。为此，基于肠道菌群在结构、组成及其代谢产物等方面进行综述，以期为从肠道菌群的角度阐明中药治疗心脑血管疾病的作用机制和心脑血管疾病中药新药的研发提供参考。

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) are mostly common in the elderly group, but in recent years, with the aggravation of people’s bad living habits, the prevalence of CCVDs has shown in younger age. Many studies have shown that CCVDs are closely related to the composition and function of intestinal flora, and intestinal flora imbalance, intestinal barrier function and intestinal flora metabolites can affect the occurrence and development of CCVDs. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of CCVDs, but its mechanism of action is not completely clear. Therefore, the structure, composition and metabolites of intestinal flora were reviewed in this paper to provide a reference for elucidating the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of CCVDs from the perspective of intestinal flora and the research and development of new traditional Chinese medicines for CCVDs.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82160824）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82260751）；江西省中医药中青年骨干人才培养计划（1242100903）；江西中医药大学重点领域科技创新团队计划（CXTD22006）