目的 以非挥发性化学成分为指标，评价不同产地艾叶Artemisia argyi质量，为其进一步开发利用提供科学依据。方法 采用高效液相色谱法（high-performance liquid chromatography，HPLC），以指纹图谱定性，绿原酸和黄酮等多指标成分定量，结合聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis，HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）对艾叶进行化学模式识别研究。结果 建立了20批艾叶的指纹图谱，相似度为0.739～0.983，标定了28个共有峰，指认了绿原酸、木犀草苷、圣草酚、棕矢车菊素、异泽兰黄素5个成分，含量测定表明不同产地艾叶绿原酸和黄酮成分存在显著差异；HCA分析20批艾叶为3类；PCA得到7个主成分的累积方差贡献率为86.676%；OPLS-DA分析表明绿原酸、木犀草苷、圣草酚、棕矢车菊素、异泽兰黄素可能是影响艾叶药材质量的差异标志物。结论 指纹图谱定性及多非挥发性成分定量结合化学模式识别可用于艾叶药材鉴别和质量控制。

Objective The non-volatile chemical components were used as indicators to evaluate the quality of Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium) from different origins and to provide scientific basis for its further development and utilization. Methods HPLC was used to distinguish the quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium by qualitative fingerprinting and quantitative identification of multi-index components, such as chlorogenic acid and flavonoids, combined with the discriminant analysis of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results The fingerprint of 20 bathes of Artemisiae Argyi Folium were established and the similarity were 0.739—0.983, a total of 28 common peaks were calibrated and five of them were identified by comparing with reference substance; The content determination results showed that there were obvious differences in the chemical components of Artemisiae Argyi Folium from different habitats; The results of HCA demonstrated that there were obvious three categories distinctions; PCA analysis indicated that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the seven principal components were 86.676%; OPLS-DA analysis showed that chlorogenic acid, cynaroside, eriodictyol, jaceosidin and eupatilin may be the markers of quality difference among them. Conclusion Qualitative fingerprinting and simultaneous quantification of multi-nonvolatile components coupled with chemometrics analysis can be used for the identification and quality control of Artemisiae Argyi Folium.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82204601）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31970137）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82102442）；四川省应用基础面上项目（2023NSFSC0172）；中国博士后基金（2023M730382）；国家级大学生创新创业计划项目（202313705018）