目的 研究卡氏乳香Boswellia carterii中的化学成分及其抗骨质疏松活性。方法 运用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和制备高效液相色谱等方法进行化学成分分离，通过波谱数据及文献对比对其进行结构解析。结果 卡氏乳香的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物，分别鉴定为 (1R,2E,8S,9R)-1,9-环氧-8-乙酰氧基-4,5-二氧代降西松烷型-2-烯（1）、rel(1S,3R,7E,11S,12R)-1,12-epoxy-4-methylenecembr-7-ene-3,11-diol（2）、boscartin F（3）、boscartene K（4）、fidmansumbin-13(17)-en-3,16-diene（5）、3α-acetoxyl-7-oxo-tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid（6）、boscartene N（7）、3β-hydroxy-tirucallic acid（8）、α-boswellic acid（9）、boscarterol O（10）、boscarterol F（11）。结论 化合物1是新化合物，命名为卡氏乳香素，化合物5为首次从乳香中分离得到，化合物2和10首次从该属植物中分离得到。对11个化合物进行抗骨质疏松活性筛选，发现化合物1、3、6和10具有良好的抑制破骨细胞活性。

Objective To study the chemical compositions of Boswellia carterii and their anti-osteoporotic activities. Methods The chemical components were separated by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC, and their structures were analyzed by comparison of spectral data and literature. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of B. carterii and identified as (1R,2E,8S,9R)-1,9-epoxy-8-acetoxy-4,5-dioxo-2-cembranene (1), rel(1S,3R,7E,11S,12R)-1,12-epoxy-4- methylenecembr-7-ene-3,11-diol (2), boscartin F (3), boscartene K (4), fidmansumbin-13(17)-en-3,16-diene (5), 3α-acetoxyl-7- oxo-tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid (6), boscartene N (7), 3β-hydroxy-tirucallic acid (8),α-boswellic acid (9), boscarterol O (10), boscarterol F (11). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound, named boscartenoid A, compound 5 is the first time isolated from the species, and compounds 2 and 10 are the fiist time isolated from this genus. Eleven compounds were screened for anti-osteoporotic activity and compounds 1, 3,6 and 10 were found to have good inhibitory activity against osteoclasts.

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国家自然科学基金项目（82060697）；江西中医药大学校级科技创新团队发展计划（CXTD22015）；学校博士科研启动基金项目（2018BSZR003）