肺气血屏障由肺泡腔、毛细血管腔及肺间质组成，可保证气体在肺泡与血液间的有效扩散，防止肺泡过度膨胀或塌陷，维持肺部的正常功能。气血屏障功能障碍是急性肺损伤（acute lung injury，ALI）的主要病理特征，气血屏障一旦被破坏，会导致血浆蛋白渗漏到肺泡腔中诱发肺水肿，影响正常的气体交换，加重靶器官的缺氧甚至威胁生命。中药治疗ALI已经得到广泛的认可和验证。通过对防治气血屏障损伤的中药复方、单味药材及中药单体进行了综述，为中药防治ALI的应用研究及修复气血屏障功能障碍的可能作用机制提供依据。

The pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier composed of alveolar air space, capillary cavity and pulmonary interstitium, which ensures the effective diffusion of gas between alveoli and blood, prevents the excessive expansion or collapse of alveolar, and maintains the normal function of the lung. Alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction is the main pathological feature of acute lung injury (ALI). Once the alveolar-capillary barrier is destroyed, which leads to the leakage of plasma protein into the alveolar space to induce pulmonary edema, resulting in the abnormal gas exchange, the hypoxia of target organs and even life threatening. Nowadays, the treatment of ALI with traditional Chinese medicine has been widely recognized and verified. This paper provides a review of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, herbs and monomers used to prevent and treat the damage to the alveolar-capillary barrier, providing a basis for the application research of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating ALI and the possible mechanism of action in repairing dysfunction of the alveolar-capillary barrier.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82074032）；天津市科技计划项目（22ZXGBSY00020）；现代中药海河实验室科技项目（22HHZYSS00011）