目的 基于实时景深扩展-大图影像拼接与偏振光显微鉴别技术，对柴胡2个基原品种柴胡Bupleurum chinense或狭叶柴胡B.scorzonerifolium及4种市场常见混淆品（竹叶柴胡B.marginatum、藏柴胡B.marginatum var.stenophyllum、锥叶柴胡B.bicaule、大叶柴胡B.longiradiatum）的性状、微性状及显微鉴别特征进行系统的对比研究，为柴胡的鉴别及质量控制提供科学依据。方法 性状鉴别研究采用性状及微性状鉴别法，显微鉴别研究采用普通光明场与偏振光暗场对比观察法，结合实时景深扩展成像、大图影像拼接技术，拍摄获取药材组织横切面全息彩色影像图。结果 获取了柴胡及其混淆品的性状及微性状影像数据，首次获取了该类药材横切面显微鉴别普通光及偏振光全息彩色影像数据。对柴胡2个基原品种及其4种混淆品进行了系统的生药学研究。与《中国药典》2020年版相比，性状鉴别补充研究了精细微性状鉴别特征，对柴胡药材根或根茎的上、中、下部位横切面进行对比观察，确定了柴胡药材根或根茎上部横切面组织构造最具特征性，为最佳的横切面显微研究部位。结论 可以综合应用性状、微性状、横切面及粉末显微鉴别特征鉴定柴胡及其4种混淆品，特别是药材横切面组织偏振光全息彩色影像显微特征具有显著鉴别意义。

Objective To systematically study on the traits, micro-characters and microscopic identification characteristics of the two authentic varieties of Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and its four adulterants (B. marginatum, B. marginatum var. stenophyllum, B. bicaule,B. longiradiatum) in the market, based on extended depth of field imaging, image stitching and polarized microscopy techniques, which would provide a reference basis for identification and quality control. Methods Morphological and micro-character identification methods were used in the character identification, and the normal bright field and polarized dark field contrast observation methods were used in the microscopic identification, combined with extended depth of field imaging and large image stitching techniques, to obtain holographic color images of cross-sections. Results The image data of the characters and micro-characters of Bupleuri Radix and its adulterants were obtained, and the normal light and polarized light holographic color image data of cross-section of Bupleuri Radix were obtained for the first time. Systematic biopharmacological studies were conducted on the two basal species of Bupleuri Radix and its four adulterants. Compared with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the character identification was supplemented with a study of the fine microscopic trait identification features. A comparative observation of the upper, middle and lower cross-sections of the roots or rhizomes of the herb identified the upper cross-section of the roots or rhizomes of the herb as the most characteristic tissue structure and the best site for cross-sectional microscopic study. Conclusion Bupleuri Radix and its four adulterants can be identified by using characters, micro-characters and microscopic identification comprehensively, especially the microscopic character under polarized light of the cross-section, which has obvious identification significance.

R286.2

国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”重点专项中药国际标准示范研究项目（2018YFC1707900）