目的 研究三白草Saururus chinensis地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用超临界CO₂萃取，硅胶、ODS、MCI Gel柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等色谱技术进行系统的分离纯化，根据光谱数据和理化性质进行化合物的结构鉴定。结果 从三白草地上部分的超临界CO₂萃取物中分离得到15个化合物，分别鉴定为2,3-二甲基-1,4-二(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,4-丁二酮（1）、asperphenamate（2）、rel-(7S,8S,7'R,8'R)-3,3',4,4',5,5'-六甲氧基-7-O-7',8.8'-木脂素（3）、常春藤皂苷元（4）、schisandlignans C（5）、樟叶素（6）、4-羟基-5-甲基己烷-5-内酯（7）、异黑麦草内酯（8）、perseal B（9）、myrisfragransin（10）、heteroplexisolide E（11）、curcasinlignan C（12）、去氢催吐萝芙木醇（13）、黑麦草内酯（14）和三白草二萜E（15）。结论 化合物15 为新化合物，化合物1 为新的天然产物；除化合物3 、6 、13 外均为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from aerial part of Sanbaicao [Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill.]. Methods In this study, after supercritical CO₂ extracting, the chemical constituents were isolated by various chromatographic methods, such as silica gel, ODS, MCI and semi-preparation HPLC, and their structures were identified by spectral data and physicochemical property. Results Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)butane-1,4-dione (1), asperphenamate (2), rel-(7S,8S,7'R,8'R)-3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexamethoxy-7-O-7',8.8'-lignan (3), hederagenin (4), schisandlignans C (5), polysyphorin (6), 4-hydroxy-5-methylhexan-5-olide (7), isololiolide (8), perseal B (9), myrisfragransin (10), heteroplexisolide E (11), curcasinlignan C (12), dehydrovomifoliol (13), loliolide (14) and sauruditerpene E (15). Conclusion Compound 15 is a new compound, compound 1 is a new natural compound, and the others are isolated from this plant for the first time except compounds 3, 6 and 13.

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浙江省公益技术研究计划项目（LTGN23H280004）；浙江省药品监管系统科技计划项目（2023014）；浙江省教育厅一般项目（Y202249869，Y202250192，Y202250217，Y202249945）；宁波市自然科学基金项目（2021J187，202003N4335）