头花蓼Polygonum capitatum为贵州特色苗药，是对泌尿系感染有独特疗效的苗药单方制剂原料药材，目前临床应用较为广泛，但《中国药典》中却无头花蓼指标性成分记载，系统阐释其“成分-质量-功效”之间的关系无标准依据。近年来，研究学者对头花蓼研究逐渐深入，其新的化学成分及药理活性相关研究也在不断更新。在对头花蓼主要化学成分、药理作用、临床应用和目前质量控制现状总结的基础上，基于理解质量标志物（quality marker，Q-Marker）新概念，从植物亲缘关系、化学成分有效性、不同产地、采收期、加工方法、化学成分可测性、传统药性、不同入药部位等方面预测分析头花蓼的Q-Marker，可将槲皮素、槲皮苷、没食子酸、原儿茶酸作为头花蓼潜在Q-Marker的选择对象，为头花蓼质量评价体系建立提供参考依据。

Polygonum capitatum is a characteristic Miao medicine in Guizhou, which is the raw material of Miao medicine mono-preparation with unique therapeutic effect on urinary tract infection and is widely used in clinical practice. However, there is no record of P. capitatum in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and there is no standard basis for systematically interpreting the relationship between its “composition-quality-effectiveness”. In recent years, P. capitatum has been studied by scholars, and new chemical composition and pharmacological activity of P. capitatum have been constantly updated. In this paper, based on the summary of the main chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, clinical applications and current quality control status of P. capitatum, the new concept of understanding quality marker (Q-Marker) is based on plant relatives, chemical constituents effectiveness, different origins, harvesting period, processing methods, chemical constituents measurability, traditional medicinal properties. The Q-Markers of P. capitatum were predicted and analyzed in terms of plant relatedness, chemical composition effectiveness, different origins, harvesting periods, processing methods, chemical composition measurability, traditional medicinal properties, different parts of the drug, etc. quercetin, quercitrin, gallic acid and protocatechuic acid can be selected as potential Q-Markers of P. capitatum. This review provides reference basis for the establishment of quality evaluation system of P. capitatum.

R286

国家自然科学基金项目（8206150897）