[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 从甜味受体的角度阐明玉竹治疗阴虚证“补而不腻”作用机制。方法 基于甜味受体,确定补阴药的“滋补”作用是对阴虚指标的逆转,而逆转过度即为“滋腻”;采用热性中药制备阴虚模型,模型成功后随机分为模型组、多糖组、醇提取物组和总提取物组,另取未造模大鼠为正常组,测定体质量、体温、摄食量、摄水量、粪便含水率、皮肤含水率、胃排空率、小肠推进率、胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1)、胆囊收缩素(cholecystokinin,CCK)、胃动素(motilin,MTL)、血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)、Na+, K+-ATP酶、Ca2+, Mg2+-ATP酶、水通道蛋白(aquaporin,AQP)、味觉受体第一家族成员(taste receptor family 1 member,T1R)、α-味导素(α-gustducin)等阴虚指标“量”的变化,并采用细胞模型进一步探索上述指标的变化规律。结果 玉竹多糖对摄水量、胃排空率、小肠推进率、GLP-1、MTL、Ca2+, Mg2+-ATP酶、AQP3、T1R3等17个指标有明显的“逆转”作用(P<0.05),醇提取物则“顺应”阴虚动物摄水量、GLP-1、MTL、Ca2+, Mg2+-ATP酶、AQP3、T1R3等阴虚指标的变化规律(P<0.05);与多糖比较,玉竹总提取物对阴虚动物的胃排空率、小肠推进率、GLP-1、Na+, K+-ATP酶、AQP1、AQP3、T1R3等阴虚指标有明显“回调”作用(P<0.05),同时总提取物对细胞中GLP-1、AQP3、T1R2也有明显“回调”作用(P<0.05)。结论 玉竹基于含有的成分对甜味受体及其相关指标施加“相反”作用,故玉竹总体上呈现“补而不腻”的作用特点。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To elucidate the mechanism of “tonifying but not cloying” effect of Polygonatum odoratum in treatment of yin deficiency from the perspective of sweet taste receptors. Methods Based on sweet taste receptors, it was determined that the “tonifying” effect of yin tonics was a reversal of yin deficiency indicators, and that excessive reversal was “cloying”. The model of yin deficiency was prepared by using hot Chinese medicine, and was randomly divided into model group, polysaccharide group, alcoholic extract group and total extract group after the model was successful, the unmodeled rats were also taken as the normal group. “Quantitative” changes of yin deficiency indicators such as body weight, body temperature, food intake, water intake, fecal water content, skin water content, gastric emptying rate, small intestine propulsion rate, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), motilin (MTL), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase, aquaporin (AQP), taste receptor family 1 member (T1R), α-gustducin were measured. And the cellular model was used to further explore the change pattern of the above indexes. Results Polysaccharide had a significant “reversal” effect on 17 indicators including water uptake, gastric emptying rate, small intestine propulsion rate, GLP-1, MTL, Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase, AQP3 and T1R3 (P < 0.05), alcoholic extract “conformed” to the pattern of changes in yin deficiency indicators such as water intake, GLP-1, MTL, Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase, AQP3 and T1R3 in yin deficient animals (P < 0.05). Compared with polysaccharides, total extract had a significant “back-regulating” effect on gastric emptying rate, small intestine propulsion rate, GLP-1, Na+, K+-ATPase, AQP1, AQP3, T1R3 and other yin deficiency indexes in yin deficient animals (P < 0.05), while total extract also had a significant “back-regulating” effect on cellular GLP-1, AQP3, T1R2 (P < 0.05). Total extract also had a significant “back-regulating” effect on GLP-1, AQP3 and T1R2 in cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion The overall effect of P. odoratum is “tonifying but not cloying” because of its components that exert “opposite” effects on sweet taste receptors and their related indicators.
[中图分类号]
R285.5
[基金项目]
陇药大品种二次开发及临床疗效评价行业技术中心(2019);甘肃省省属科研院所条件建设专项(20JR10RA432)