丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)是一类广泛定殖于植物根系,对植物生长发育起着重要作用的共生内生真菌。归纳分析了AMF介导宿主植物提高对细菌、真菌、线虫等病原微生物胁迫抗性能力,发现AMF对不同病原微生物的抑制效果有着明显特异性,且受植物的种类、AMF多样性、定殖密度等因素影响。AMF主要通过激活茉莉酸、水杨酸等植物激素介导的系统性抗性,调控ERF等转录因子表达,增强营养物质吸收,改善植物根系结构,竞争病原体生态位点,调节根系有益分泌物等途径来提高植物抗病能力,并可与植物共生放线菌(plant symbiotic actinomycetes,PSA),深色有隔内生真菌(dark septate endophytes,DSE)、哈茨木霉Trichoderma harzianum等益生菌存在协同增效作用。明确AMF提高植物抗病原微生物胁迫能力的作用机制对实施生态农业、中药绿色种植、生物防控植物病害具有重要的参考价值和理论意义。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a class of symbiotic endophytic fungi that widely colonize plant roots and play important roles in the growth and development. In this manuscript, the roles of AMF in enhancing the host plant resistance to pathogenic stress were summarized and analyzed, of which the plant diseases were mainly caused by bacteria, fungi, nematodes and other pathogenic microorganisms. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of AMF on different pathogenic microorganisms had obvious specificity, and was affected by plant species, AMF diversity and colonization density. AMF-mediated resistant mechanisms were mainly summarized as the activation of systemic resistance mediated by plant hormones (e.g., jasmonic acid and salicylic acid), the expression regulation of transcription factors (ERF), the improvement of nutrient absorption ability, the optimization of plant root structure, the competition for pathogen ecological sites, and the regulation of beneficial root exudates. In addition, plant symbiotic actinomycetes (PSAs), dark septate endophytes (DSE) and Trichoderma harzianum are capable to generate synergistic interaction with AMF. It is of great reference value and theoretical significance for the implementation of ecological agriculture, green planting of Chinese medicinal herbs and biological control of plant diseases to clarify the mechanism of AMF on improving plant disease resistance.

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中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目”（2060302-2101-24）；昆明市国际（对外）科技合作基地（GHJD-2021030）；云南省中医药应用基础研究联合专项（202001AZ070001-010，202101AZ070001-014）；国家自然科学基金项目（82260743）；云南省基础研究计划面上项目（202201AT070219，202001AT070109）；云南省“万人计划”青年拔尖人才专项（YNWR- QNBJ-2020-279）；云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目（XDYC-QNRC-2022-0469）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目（2023Y0458）；云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室项目（202105AG070012）