桑黄是一类珍稀药用真菌,其有效成分主要是酚类化合物,包括黄酮、苯乙烯α-吡喃酮、苯丙素、异香豆素及其他酚类化合物。这些有效成分通常以回流、超声等方法来提取,并利用大孔树脂进行纯化。桑黄中的单体成分及有效部位具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节免疫等多种药理作用。通过对药材"桑黄"中化学成分的结构类型和特征、提取纯化方法及其药理作用进行综述,为桑黄的开发及应用提供理论基础。

Sanghuang is a kind of precious and rare medical fungi containing various types of phenol compounds such as flavonoids, styryl α-pyrones, phenylpropanoids, isocoumarins and other type of phenols. These phenol compounds in Sanghuang are usually extracted by reflux, ultrasonication or other methods and purified by macroporous resin. The effective components and fractions from Sanghuang have a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antitumor, immunoregulation, etc. This paper reviewed the structural types and characteristics, extraction and purification methods, as well as the pharmacological effects of phenol compounds in Sanghuang in order to provide theoretical basis for its further exploitation and development.

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山东第一医科大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（2022104391179）