目的 分析不同产地白芍药材质量差异及特异性化学成分，为白芍的产地判别和质量评价提供依据。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E）对不同产地白芍样品全成分分析，应用主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）及聚类分析（cluster analysis，CA）对安徽亳州、四川中江、浙江磐安3个产地共15批次白芍药材进行多元统计分析，根据VIP值＞1和t检验（P＜0.05）筛选不同产地白芍药材中具有显著差异的化学成分。结果 从不同产地白芍药材中共鉴定出44个化学成分，以单萜类、鞣质类、三萜类、黄酮类、挥发油类等成分为主，其中以单萜类成分含量最高。不同产地白芍的化学成分差异明显，共鉴定出16个差异化学成分，其中牡丹皮苷G为安徽亳州产地特有成分，1,2,3,6-四-O-没食子酰-β-D-葡萄糖为浙江磐安产地的特有成分，1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl paeonisuffrone为四川中江产地特有成分；柠檬酸、1-没食子酸酰葡萄糖、去苯甲酰基芍药苷或异构体、没食子酸、氧化芍药苷、儿茶素、芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、没食子酸甲酯、没食子酰芍药苷或异构体、1,2,3,4,6-O-五没食子酰葡萄糖、白芍苷R₁、牡丹皮苷B为3个产地共有成分，但含量呈现不同的变化规律。结论 不同产地白芍质量差异明显，在共有成分基础上，安徽亳州白芍含有特异成分牡丹皮苷G，浙江磐安白芍含有特异成分1,2,3,6-四-O-没食子酰-β-D-葡萄糖，四川中江白芍的特有成分为1-O-β-D-glucopyranosylpaeonisuffrone，可作为产地鉴别的依据，共有成分及差异成分的含量可作为质量评价的依据。

Objective To analyze the difference of the chemical components of Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) collected in different places of origin, and provide the basis for origin discrimination and quality evaluation of Paeoniae Radix Alba. Methods The total component analysis of Paeoniae Radix Alba samples from different habitats were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E). Combined with the principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and cluster analysis (CA), multivariate statistical analysis was performed to analyze 15 batches of samples from three areas: Bozhou of Anhui Province, Zhongjiang of Sichuan Province and Pan’an of Zhejiang Province. The significantly different chemical components of Paeoniae Radix Alba were screened according to the VIP ＞; 1 and t test (P＜ 0.05). Results A total of 44 chemical components were identified from Paeoniae Radix Alba of different origins, mainly monoterpenoids, tannins, triterpenoids, flavonoids and volatile oils, among which monoterpenoids had the highest content. The differences of chemicalcomponents inPaeoniae Radix Alba from different habitats were significant. A total of 15 differential chemical components have been identified. Among them, mudanpioside G was the unique component from Bozhou of Anhui Province, 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose from Pan’an of Zhejiang Province, and 1-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl paeonisuffrone from Zhongjiang of Sichuan Province; the common components were citric acid, 1-galloyl-glucose, 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin or isomers, gallic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, methyl gallate, galloylpaeoniflorinor or isomers, 1,2,3,4,6-O-pentagalloylglucose, albiflorin R₁ and mudanpioside B, but their contents differ in variation rules.Conclusion Quality of Paeoniae Radix Albafrom different production areas differs significantly. Based upon common components, the unique chemical components of Paeoniae Radix Alba, such as mudanpioside G, 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose and 1-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl paeonisuffrone, can support habitat identification. Content of common components and differential components can be considered as the criteria for quality evaluation of Paeoniae Radix Alba.

R286.2

国家自然科学基金重点项目（81830110）；河北省自然科学基金资助项目（H2022106061）