目的 以甘草浸膏为研究对象，探索浸膏超声辅助真空干燥强化传热传质机制，为新技术在中药浸膏干燥中的应用提供理论依据。方法 基于过程模拟软件建立“超声场-温度场-压力场”多场耦合的甘草浸膏超声辅助真空干燥传热传质模型并求解；进行了干燥温度70、80、90 ℃，超声功率40、80、120、160、200 W的干燥试验，以特征点温度及干燥水分试验结果与模型计算理论值进行比较。结果 甘草浸膏干燥过程水分有效扩散系数（D_eff）和传质系数（k_c）随温度和超声功率的升高而增大，超声功率由40 W提高至200 W，D_eff及k_c分别提高200.65%、154.46%；结果验证了建立的浸膏超声辅助真空干燥模型精度良好，在一定条件下能反映真实干燥过程。结论 通过建立精度良好的甘草浸膏超声辅助真空干燥过程仿真模型，直观得到了浸膏内部超声场强分布及热质传递规律，为该技术用于中药浸膏高效干燥工艺开发和装备设计提供参考。

Objective To explore the mechanism of heat and mass transfer enhanced by ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying of licorice extract, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of new technology in the drying of Chinese herbal extract. Methods A multi-field coupled “ultrasonic field-temperature field-pressure field” heat and mass transfer model of licorice ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying was established and solved. The drying temperature of 70, 80, 90 ℃, ultrasonic power of 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 W drying test of licorice extract was studied. The experimental results of characteristic point temperature and dry moisture were compared with the theoretical values calculated by the model. Results The effective diffusivity of water (D_eff) and mass transfer coefficient (k_c) increased with the increase of temperature and ultrasonic power. When the ultrasonic power increased from 40 W to 200 W, D_eff and k_c increased by 200.65% and 154.46%, respectively. The experimental results verified that the established model of ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying of licorice extract had good accuracy and reflected the real drying process under certain conditions. Conclusion The ultrasonic field intensity and heat and mass transfer law in the extract were obtained intuitively by establishing the simulation model of ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying process of licorice extract with good accuracy. The results provide reference for the application of this technology in the development of efficient drying process and equipment design of traditional Chinese herbal extract.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82003952）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81960718）；江西中医药大学中药制剂技术与制药装备创新团队（CXTD22006）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2022ZDD03085）