目的 研究狐臭柴Premna puberula叶片精油的化学成分、含量、抗氧化、抑菌及抗肿瘤的能力，为狐臭柴开发利用提供一定的研究基础。方法 采用气相色谱-质谱（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，GC-MS）联用仪鉴定狐臭柴叶片精油的化学成分；以对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）和2,2′-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐（ABTS）自由基的清除能力，结合总还原力为指标评价精油的抗氧化活性；以抑菌圈法探究其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑制作用；采用细胞增殖/毒性检测试剂盒法（Cell Counting Kit-8，CCK-8）测定其对人肺癌A549细胞的抑制作用。结果 狐臭柴叶片精油中共鉴定出72种化合物，约占精油总成分的99.36%，其主要成分为左旋-β-蒎烯（15.27%）、1-辛烯-3-醇（14.46%）、蒎烯（14.29%）、1-石竹烯（6.26%）、α-石竹烯（4.47%）和芳樟醇（3.12%）。抗氧化实验结果表明，狐臭柴叶片精油具有较强的总还原力，且对DPPH及ABTS自由基的半数抑制浓度（half inhibitory concentration，IC₅₀）分别为8.48、3.10 mg/mL。狐臭柴叶片精油对白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌和大肠杆菌有较强的抑菌作用，最低抑菌浓度（minimum inhibitory concentration，MIC）分别为30%、30%、30%、40%。狐臭柴叶片精油作用于人肺癌A549细胞3、4、5 h下的IC₅₀分别为0.11%、0.10%、0.06%。结论 狐臭柴叶片精油中成分丰富，具有较强的抗氧化、抗菌和抗肿瘤活性，在食品、制药和化妆品行业具有潜在的应用前景。

Objective To study the chemical composition, content, antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-tumor abilities of the essential oils from the leaves of Premna puberula, so as to provide a certain research basis for the application and development of P. puberula. Methods The chemical constituents of the essential oil of P. puberula leaves were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of essential oils was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and total reducing capacity of essential oils. The inhibition zone method was used to explore the inhibitory effects of the essential oil on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. CCK-8 test was used to determine the inhibitory effect of essential oils on human lung cancer A549 cells. Results A total of 72 compounds were identified in the essential oil of P. puberula leaves, accounting for about 99.36% of the total composition. The main components of essential oils are L-β-pinene (15.27%), 1-octen-3-ol (14.46%), pinene (14.29%), 1-caryophyllene (6.26%), α-caryophyllene (4.47%) and linalool (3.12%). The results of antioxidant test showed that essential oils had strong total reducing power, and the IC₅₀ of DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 8.48 mg/mL and 3.10 mg/mL, respectively. The essential oil of P. puberula leaves had antibacterial effect on C. albicans, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 30%, 30%, 30% and 40%, respectively. The IC₅₀ of the essential oil of P. puberula leaves had acted on human lung cancer A549 cells at 3 h, 4 h and 5 h were 0.11%, 0.10% and 0.06%, respectively. Conclusion The essential oil of P. puberula leaves were rich in components and had strong antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor activities, which will have potential application prospects in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

R286.2

湖北省教育厅项目（Q20131908）；恩施州科技计划项目（XYJ2020000022）；生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室开放基金（PT012015）