目的 研究黄花棘豆Oxytropis ochrocephala的生物碱成分。方法 采用硅胶、反相RP-18、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱等分离方法对黄花棘豆生物碱进行分离纯化，通过波谱技术和化学计算对化学结构进行鉴定；采用浸虫浸叶法对含量相对较大的化合物4、7进行抗斜纹夜蛾杀虫试验，采用MTT法对化合物1进行抗乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus，HBV）活性试验。结果 从黄花棘豆生物碱分离得到10个化合物，分别鉴定为黄花棘豆碱H（1）、sophoridine（2）、allomatrine（3）、isosophoridine（4）、sophoramine（5）、7α-hydroxysophoramine（6）、oxylupanine（7）、lehmannine（8）、flavesine G（9）、13β-hydroxymatrine（10），化合物4、7杀斜纹夜蛾的半数致死浓度（50% lethal concentration，LC₅₀）分别为44.02、8.72 mg/mL。浓度为1×10^-4 mol/L时，化合物1对乙肝表面抗原分泌的抑制率为（33.87±3.20）%。结论 化合物1为1个新的喹喏里西啶二聚体生物碱，化合物7～10为首次从黄花棘豆中分离得到。化合物7对斜纹夜蛾幼虫表现出较强的杀虫活性，化合物1表现出较强的抗HBV生物活性。

Objective To study the alkaloids from Oxytropis ochrocephala. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column, reverse-phase column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative-HPLC, and the chemical structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The activities against Spodoptera litura of compounds 4 and 7 were evaluated on the insect-dipping and leaf-dipping method and the activities against HBV of compound 1 were evaluated by the MTT method. Results Ten alkaloids were obtianed and identified as ochrocephalamine H (1), sophoridine (2), allomatrine (3), isosophoridine (4), sophoramine (5), 7α-hydroxysophoramine (6), oxylupanine (7), lehmannine (8), flavesine G (9) and 13β-hydroxymatrine (10), respectively. Compounds 4 and 7 indicated bioactivities against Spodoptera litura with LC₅₀ of 44.02 and 8.72 mg/mL. When the concentration was 1×10^-4 mol/L, the inhibition rates of compound 1 on HBsAg secretion were (33.87±3.20)%. Conclusion Ochrocephalamine H (1) is a new quinolizidine dimeric alkaliod, while compounds 7—10 were obtained from O. ochrocephala for the first time. Compound 7 showed significant insecticidal activity against the third-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura. Compound 1 showed strong anti-HBV biological activity.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（32160110）；国家自然科学基金项目（31660103）