目的 探讨不同给药时间内不同比例的染料木素和大豆苷元对大鼠肠道菌群的影响，并筛选最佳给药条件。方法 SD大鼠随机分为对照组、染料木素-大豆苷元（1∶1）组、染料木素-大豆苷元（2∶1）组和染料木素-大豆苷元（3∶1）组，给予药物干预28 d，收集粪便，采用16S rRNA高通量测序对对照组和不同比例染料木素-大豆苷元给药7、14、21、28 d后的大鼠肠道菌群结构进行分析测定。结果 对给药组与对照组之间的α多样性、β多样性及门或属水平上物种组成进行差异分析，发现染料木素和大豆苷元可以改变大鼠肠道菌群结构和组成，显著提高肠道中乳杆菌的丰度。结论 染料木素-大豆苷元（1∶1）给药21 d能够调控大鼠肠道菌群中乳杆菌的丰度。

Objective To explore the effects of genistein and daidzein in different proportions at different administration time on gut microbiota of rats, and to screen the best administration conditions. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group, genistein-daidzein (1∶1) group, genistein-daidzein (2∶1) group and genistein-daidzein (3∶1) group. After 28 d of drug intervention, feces were collected. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the structure of gut microbiota in control group and the rats treated with different proportions of genistein and daidzein for 7, 14, 21, 28 d. Results The differences of α diversity, β diversity and species composition at phylum or genus level between the treatment group and control group were analyzed. It was found that genistein and daidzein could change the structure and composition of gut microbiota in rats, and significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus in intestinal tract. Conclusion Genistein-daidzein (1∶1) administration for 21 d could regulate the abundance of Lactobacillus in gut microbiota of rats.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81973457）