目的 通过分析《中医方剂大辞典》中含有羌活治疗疼痛的方剂配伍规律，为指导临床合理用药及羌活的深入研发提供参考。方法 收集整理《中医方剂大辞典》中含有羌活治疗疼痛的方剂，构建临证方药数据库。运用VOSviewer和IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0软件分析药物频次、性能、功效、主治及关联规则，并对其用药规律从高频方名、药物用量及配比进行多维度分析。结果 对羌活治疗疼痛方剂的基本信息统计发现，纳入方剂共1042首，涉及方书261部，其中超过10首的有12部，以宋、明、清时期收录的方书较多；方名出现次数≥5的有12种。对药物频次、性能、功效、主治及关联规则进行分析，发现频次≥100的药物有34味，性多温、寒、平，味多辛、苦、甘，以归肝、脾、肺经为主。配伍的药物以解表、补虚、活血化瘀、清热、理气等功效为主。羌活方治疗病证较多的依次为头痛(211次)、身痛(101次)、腰痛(57次)。与羌活配伍治疗头痛的高频药物有防风、甘草、川芎、当归、茯苓等；治疗身痛的高频药物有防风、甘草、川芎、白芷、独活等；治疗腰痛的高频药物有防风、甘草、当归、川芎、独活、牛膝等。关联规则发现，治疗头痛时支持度较高的对药组合为羌活-防风、羌活-甘草、羌活-川芎、羌活-当归，3味药组合为羌活-甘草-防风；治疗身痛时支持度较高对药组合为羌活-防风、羌活-甘草、羌活-川芎、羌活-当归、羌活-独活，3味药组合为羌活-川芎-防风；治疗腰痛时支持度较高对药组合为羌活-防风、羌活-甘草、羌活-当归、羌活-川芎、羌活-牛膝，3味药组合为羌活-甘草-防风。进一步对其用药规律从高频方名、药物用量及配比进行多维度分析发现，治疗头痛时常使用羌活，治疗身痛时常使用防风，治疗腰痛时常使用牛膝。剂量分析发现，羌活、防风、甘草、当归、川芎主要分布在3～10 g内，应用最多的配比为1∶1；羌活、当归治疗头痛用量相对身痛和腰痛用量较轻。结论 通过对羌活及其配伍药物与疼痛病的关系进行挖掘分析，揭示了羌活配伍用药特点，阐明了其临床应用规律，可为羌活的临床合理用药及深入研究提供一定参考。

Objective To analyze the compatibility rules of prescriptions containing Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) in the treatment of pain in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and provide a reference for guiding clinical rational drug use and in-depth research and development of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix. Methods The prescriptions containing Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix in the treatment of pain in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription were collected to build a clinical prescription database. VOSviewer and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software were used to analyze the frequency, performance, efficacy, indications and association rules of drugs, and multidimensional analysis was conducted on their medication rules from high-frequency prescription name, drug dosage and ratio. Results According to the statistics of basic information of the prescriptions containing Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix in the treatment pain, a total of 1042 prescriptions were included, involving 261 prescription books, of which 12 were more than 10 prescriptions. There were more prescription books collected in Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, among which 12 kinds with prescription names appeared more than five times. The frequency, performance, efficacy, indications and association rules of drugs were analyzed. It was found that 34 drugs with frequency ≥ 100 were mainly warm, cold and flat in nature, pungent, bitter and sweet in taste, and mainly in the liver, spleen, lung meridian. The compatible drugs were mainly effective in relieving exterior, tonifying deficiency, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, clearing heat and regulating qi. The prescriptions containing Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix treated more diseases and symptoms in order: headache (211 times), body pain (101 times), and low back pain (57 times). The high-frequency drugs that were compatible with Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix to treat headaches included Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fuling (Poria) and other medicines; the high-frequency drugs for body pain included Saposhnikoviae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) and other medicines; the high-frequency medicines for low back pain included Saposhnikoviae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and other medicines. The analysis of association rule found that the combination of two herbs with high support in the treatment of headaches were Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Saposhnikoviae Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and the combination of three herbs was Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Saposhnikoviae Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma; The combination of two herbs with higher support in the treatment of body pain were Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Saposhnikoviae Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, and the combination of three herbs was Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Saposhnikoviae Radix; the combination of two herbs with higher support in the treatment of low back pain were Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Saposhnikoviae Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, and the combination of three herbs was Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Saposhnikoviae Radix. Further multi-dimensional analysis of their medication rules from the high-frequency prescription names, drug dosages and proportions found that Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix was often used to treat headache, Saposhnikoviae Radix was often used to treat body pain, and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix was often used to treat low back pain. The dosage analysis showed that Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma were mainly distributed in the range of 3—10 g, and the most used combination was 1∶1. The dosage of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelica Sinensis Radix for headache was lighter than that of body pain and low back pain. Conclusion The characteristics of the compatible drug use of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix were revealed and its clinical application rules were clarified through the analysis of the relationship between Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and its compatible drugs and pain diseases, which could provide some reference for clinical rational drug use and in-depth study of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix.

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中国工程院院地合作重大项目(GS2021ZDA06)；甘肃省高等学校青年博士基金项目(2022QB-093)；西北中藏药省部共建协同创新中心开放基金项目(Xbzzy-2022-03)；甘肃省珍稀中药资源评价与保护利用工程研究中心开放基金项目(GSZXZY202202)