目的 建立不同产地辣木Moringa oleifera叶药材和黄酮部位UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS指纹图谱和多成分定量方法，并进行化学计量学分析，为辣木叶药材和黄酮部位的质量控制提供参考。方法 采用UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS检测并结合“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012A版）”建立15个不同批次辣木叶药材和黄酮部位（S1～S15）指纹图谱，并进行相似度评价和共有峰指认，测定3个黄酮类成分异牡荆素、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷含量。采用聚类分析（hierarchicalclustering analysis，HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partialleast-squares discrimination analysis，OPLS-DA）等化学计量学分析方法对15批不同产地辣木叶药材质量和黄酮部位进行评价。结果 15批不同产地辣木叶药材标定了17个共有峰，指认出其中14个共有峰；辣木叶黄酮部位标定和指认出10个共有峰。15批不同产地辣木叶和黄酮部位的相似度和HCA分析聚为4类，且HCA结果与相似度评价结果基本相一致；PCA、OPLS-DA分析聚为3类。15批药材中异牡荆素、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷的含量分别为0.06%～0.19%、0.27%～0.79%、0.08%～0.23%；黄酮部位中含量分别为0.53%～3.53%、6.49%～14.36%、2.05%～4.66%。结论 建立了专属性强、灵敏度高的不同产地辣木叶药材和辣木叶黄酮部位的定性定量方法，为辣木叶药材和辣木叶黄酮部位综合评价提供依据。

Objective The UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS fingerprints of Moringa oleifera leaves and flavonoid fractions from different producing areas were established, and the chemometrics analysis and content determination of important components were carried out to provide reference for the quality control of M. oleifera leaves. Methods UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS combined with similarity evaluation system of TCM chromatogramtic fingerprin (2012 A edition) were used to establish fingerprint of 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves and flavonoid fractions from different producing areas (S1—S15). Common peaks were confirmed and their similarities were evaluated, and the contents of the identified components were determined. Stoichiometric analysis methods such as hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the quality of 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves and flavonoid fractions from different producing areas. Results A total of 17 common peaks were identified in 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves from different producing areas, and 10 common peaks were identified in the flavonoid fraction of M. oleifera leaves. The similarity and HCA analysis of leaves and flavonoids of 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves from different producing areas were classified into four groups and the HCA results were basically consistent with the results of similarity evaluation. It was found that they were clustered into three categories by PCA and OPLS-DA analysis. The contents of isovitexin, isoquercitrin and astragalin in 15 batches of medicinal materials were 0.06%—0.19%, 0.27%—0.79% and 0.08%—0.23%, respectively. The contents of isovitexin, isoquercitrin and astragalin in flavonoid fractions were 0.53%—3.53%, 6.49%—14.36% and 2.05%—4.66%, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the qualitative and quantitative methods of flavonoids in leaves of M. oleifera from different producing areas with strong specificity and high sensitivity were established to provide a basis for the comprehensive evaluation of flavonoid fractions of leaves of M. oleifera.

R286.2

北京中医药大学纵向科研发展基金项目(2022-ZXFZJJ-001)