目的 为艾Artemisia argyi叶及腺毛的显微鉴定和品质评价提供可靠的实验数据。方法 利用荧光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对艾叶进行显微和组织化学研究。结果 艾叶上、下表面均分布有腺毛和非腺毛。腺毛由2列细胞构成，其头部由4或6个细胞对叠而成，柄部和基部各由2个细胞构成；非腺毛均为T形，柄由2～5个细胞构成，按照顶细胞特点将T形非腺毛分为2种：一种顶细胞呈长梭形而弯曲（I型）；另一种顶细胞呈细丝状，极长、扁平且扭曲（II型）。草酸钙簇晶直径3～40μm，多存在于叶肉细胞中；上表面气孔稀少，下表面气孔多，气孔为不定式；上、下表皮细胞的垂周壁均为波状弯曲。常见螺纹导管，偶见环纹、梯纹、网纹和孔纹导管。组织化学研究显示，腺毛有挥发油、萜类、黄酮类等成分。结论为下一版《中国药典》艾叶显微鉴定相关内容的修订和完善提供了重要参考依据。

Objective To provide reliable reference for microscopic identification and quality evaluation of Artemisia argyi leaves and moxa floss.Methods The microstructure and histochemistry of Artemisae Argyi Folium were studied by fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results Glandular trichomes and non- glandular trichomes were distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of Artemisae Argyi Folium. The glandular trichome was composed of two rows of cells, with four or six cells overlapping each other at the head, two cells at the stalk and two cells at the base. Non- glandular trichomes are characteristic of T shape, and their stalk was composed of 2－5 cells. According to the characteristics of apical cells, the T- shaped non- glandular trichomes can be divided into two types: One was apical cells with long spindle and curved shape (type I), and the other was filamentous, extremely long, flat, and twisted (type II). Calcium oxalate cluster crystals with diameters ranging from 3 to 40 μm were found mostly in mesophyll cells. There were few stomata on the upper surface and many stomata on the lower surface, and the stomata were amorphous. The vertical walls of upper and lower epidermal cells were wavy and curved. The spiral vessel was often found. While the scalariform, reticulate and pitted vessel are occasionally found. The results of histochemical study showed that glandular trichomes contained volatile oil, terpenoids, flavonoids and other components.Conclusion The results of this study provide an important reference for the revision and improvement of the microscopic identification of Artemisae Argyi Folium in the next edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

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教育部产学研合作协同育人项目(202102294010);河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(222102310110);科技基础资源调查专项子课题(2018FY100802-03)