目的 分析黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis水煎液中的化学成分，并对其中的主要成分进行定量研究，为黄芩质量标准的建立和进一步研究提供参考依据。方法 定性分析采用UHPLCLTQ-Orbitrap MS技术，0.1%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相，梯度洗脱，分析化合物的精确相对分子质量及碎片离子信息。通过对照品对比、分析化合物质谱裂解碎片推测未知物。定量分析采用HPLC-UV技术，1%乙酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相，梯度洗脱，测定10批黄芩中主要成分含量。结果 从黄芩水煎液中分析鉴定了86种化合物，含65个黄酮、11个有机酸、7个氨基酸、2个苯乙醇苷、1个其他类化合物。对黄芩中黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、千层纸素A-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素及千层纸素A进行了含量测定，结果表明黄芩不同批次之间的黄酮类成分含量有一定差异，但6个黄酮的总量相对稳定（18.09%～25.33%，RSD为9.95%）。结论 全面分析了黄芩水煎液的化学成分，并建立了6个黄酮成分的定量分析方法，可为黄芩的质量控制和质量标准建立提供数据参考。

Objective The chemical components were qualitatively analyzed and the main components were quantitatively studied in Scutellariae Radix decoction, which provided the basis for the establishment of quality standard and further study.Methods UHPLC LTQ-Orbitrap MS was used to analyze the chemical composition with 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as mobile phase. The precise molecular weight and fragment ion information of the compounds were analyzed. The unknown components were identified unambiguously by comparing with the retention time and mass spectrometric data of reference standards or tentatively deduced by their CID pathways referring to previous literatures. HPLC-UV was used to build multicomponent quantitative analysis with 1% acetic acid-acetonitrile as mobile phase. The ten batches of samples were evaluated by the similarity analysis.Results A total of 86 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized, containing 65 flavonoids, 11 organic acids, seven amino acids, two phenylethanol glycosides and one other compound from Scutellariae Radix decoction. The content of six flavonoids (Baicalin, wogonoside, oroxylin A-7-O-β-D-glycoside, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A) was determined. The results showed that there were some differences in the content of flavonoids between different batches of S. baicalensis, but the total amount of six flavonoids was relatively stable (18.09%-25.33%, RSD of 9.95%).Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition and builds multicomponent quantitative analysis method of S. baicalensis decoction, which provides a scientific basis for the quality control and further refinement of quality control standards for Scutellariae Radix.

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中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A04405,Cl2021A04502);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(JJPY2022003,ZZ2019008,ZZ14-YQ-041);国家中医药管理局青年岐黄学者项目;杭州市钱江特聘专家项目(2020)