道地药材因其品质优良、疗效显著，被认为是中药界的"品质标杆"。近年来，"辨状论质"、指纹图谱和生物效价检测等技术从性状、化学成分和生物活性等方面揭示了道地药材的品质特征。多种DNA分子标记技术从遗传物质方面为道地药材的鉴定提供了方法，不断丰富的组学技术从功能基因和关键酶等方面为道地药材形成机制的研究提供了理论依据。在总结道地药材的道地性成因的基础上，对道地药材品质特征及形成机制的研究进展进行综述，结合道地药材化学-遗传-生态的相关性分析，以期为道地药材的生产栽培、质量控制及资源可持续利用的探究提供理论依据，为道地药材形成机制及科学内涵的阐释提供可借鉴的资料。

Genuine medicinal materials have been recognized as "quality models" due to its excellent quality and remarkable curative effect. In recent years, "quality assessment based on feature identification", fingerprints and biological potency detection technology have revealed the quality characteristics of genuine medicinal materials from the aspects of characters, chemical components and bioactivities. Various DNA molecular marker techniques provided methods for the identification of genuine medicinal materials from the aspect of genetic material. An increasing variety of omics technologies provided a theoretical basis for the geoherbalism formation of genuine medicinal materials from the aspects of functional genomics and key enzymes. On the basis of biological causes of genuine medicinal materials, research progress on quality characteristics and forming mechanism of genuine medicinal materials was summarized in this paper, combined with correlation analysis of chemical-genetic-ecological correlation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation, quality control and sustainable utilization of genuine medicinal materials, and also provide further data for geoherbalism formation and scientific connotation of genuine medicinal materials.

浙江省重点研发项目（2021C04029）；2021年校级科研项目（752219F00117）