目的 研究茶条槭Acer tataricumsubsp. ginnala树叶80%乙醇提取物中的化学成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。方法 实验采用硅胶，Toyopearl HW-40c、Sephadex LH-20凝胶和制备液相色谱等手段进行分离纯化，并应用¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、MS等波谱技术鉴定了化合物结构，并对部分单体化合物进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测试。结果 从茶条槭叶的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇部位中分离得到23个化合物，分别鉴定为maplexin B（1）、3″-O-galloyl-benzyl-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1®6)-β-D-glucopyranoside（2）、没食子酸甲酯（3）、没食子酸（4）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-来苏糖苷（7）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-没食子酰基)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（8）、槲皮素- 3-O-(2″-O-没食子酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（9）、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-没食子酰基)-β-D-半乳糖苷（10）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（11）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″,6″-二-O-没食子酰基)-β-D-半乳糖苷（12）、3,6-di-O-没食子酰基-1,5脱水葡萄糖醇（13）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-O-没食子酰基)-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷（14）、山柰酚-3-O-(2″-没食子酰基)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（15）、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-没食子酰基)-β-D-半乳糖苷（16）、槲皮素（17）、山柰酚（18）、1-p-香豆酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷（19）、茶条槭素B（20）、茶条槭素C（21）、茶条槭素A（22）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-O-没食子酰基)-β-D-半乳糖苷（23）。结论 化合物1、2、10、12、16、19为首次从本植物分离得到，化合物2、10、12、16、19同时为本科植物中首次分离得到。化合物8、12、14～16具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。

Objective To isolate and identify the chemical constituents with anti-α-glucosidase activities from the 80% ethanol extract in the leaves of Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40c, Sephadex LH-20 gel and high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods (¹H-, ¹³C-NMR and MS). The anti-α-glucosidase activities of the compounds were also evaluated in vitro. Results Twenty-three compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate and n-butanol parts from the leaves of A. tataricum subsp. ginnala and were identified as maplexin B (1), 3″-O-galloyl-benzyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1®6)-β-D- glucopyranoside (2), methyl gallate (3) , gallic acid (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galatopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-lyxoside (7), quercetin-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (8), quercetin-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside (9), quercetin-3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-D-galatopyranoside (10), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (11), quercetin-3-O-(2″,6″-digalloyl)-β-D- galatopyranoside (12), 3,6-di-O-galloyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (13), quercetin-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-α-L-arabinoside (14), kaempferol-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (15), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-D-galatopyranoside (16), quercetin (17), kaempferol (18), 1-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (19), ginnalin B (20), ginnalin C (21), ginnalin A (22), quercetin-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-β-D-galatopyranoside (23). Conclusion Compounds 1, 2, 10, 12, 16, 19 are isolated from A. tataricum subsp. ginnala for the first time, and compounds 2, 10, 12, 16, 19 are isolated from the genus Acer/ family Aceraceae for the first time. Compounds 8, 12, 14-16 showed the strong anti-α-glucosidase activities.

国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划(ZYYCXTD-D-202005);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-071)