名贵中药材疗效显著，但其产量低、价格昂贵，市场上出现了以假充真、以劣充优和掺伪等现象，严重影响其临床应用。中药质量是保证中药疗效的重要因素，目前常用的中药质量评价方法有理化检验法、薄层色谱法、气相色谱法、液相色谱法等。这些方法极大地保证了中药的质量可靠性，但也存在一些局限性，如需要对样本进行预处理和破坏性分析、需用专业仪器设备和检测方法、检测时间长、须配备专业的技术人员等。因此快速、无损、高通量的新型技术在中药质量评价中越来越受到重视，特别是以近红外光谱为代表的光谱检测技术得到了广泛的应用。从真伪鉴定、种类鉴定、含量测定、质量综合评价等方面综述了近红外技术在名贵中药材中的最新研究进展，并对其前景进行了展望。

The valuable Chinese medicinal materials (VCMM) have significantly curative effects. Due to its limited production and high price, the adulterants are frequently found in the market, which arouse seriously affects in clinical application. The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) is the guarantee of clinical efficacy. Nowadays, there are lots of common approaches used in the evaluation of the quality of TCMs, such as physical and chemical examination, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, etc. These methods guarantee the quality reliability of TCM. However, these detection methods also have several limitations, which are mainly reflected as follow: it required some pretreatments or destructive analyses of samples, professional equipment or detection methods, a long detection time and skillful technicians, etc. Therefore, a rapid, non-destructive, high-throughput technology is getting more attention in the quality evaluation of TCMs, especially the spectroscopy detection technology represented by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely applied. This paper aims to summarize the latest research progress of NIR on VCMM from the perspectives of authenticity identification, species identification, determination of index components, and comprehensive quality evaluation and predict its prospect.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81603070);广州市科技计划项目珠江科技新星专项(201610010113);国家药品监督管理局药品快速检验技术重点实验室开放课题(KF2022002,KF2022006)