[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 挖掘具有雄激素样作用的中药,为植物雄激素的活性筛选和男性生殖相关疾病遣方用药提供依据。方法 以中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science数据库作为具有雄激素样作用中药及其复方文献信息来源,将数据进行标准化处理后,通过频数统计、共现分析以及构建系统发育树,挖掘具有雄激素样作用的中药所治疾病、药性、功效、有效成分、作用靶点以及基原物种的分布规律。结果 共筛选出65味具有雄激素样作用中药以及《中国药典》收载的8个中成药,以枸杞子、淫羊藿、巴戟天等最为常见,多性温、味甘,归肝、肾经,具有补肝肾、温肾壮阳等功效。具有雄激素样作用中药的有效组分以多糖类和黄酮类成分为主,其中枸杞多糖、淫羊藿苷2个活性成分的相关靶点较多。具有雄激素样作用的中药共涉及112个基原物种,在系统发育树上具有明显的聚集性,主要分布在菊类和豆类植物中,其中五加科、豆科的雄激素样作用中药较多。结论 具有雄激素样作用中药以性温、味甘,归肝、肾经为主,其有效成分多为枸杞多糖、巴戟甲素、槲皮素、熊果酸、紫云英苷、芹菜素等多糖或黄酮类成分,主要通过促进生精细胞增殖与分化、调节下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能、抑制细胞凋亡、抗氧化损伤等途径对男性不育症、男性性功能障碍和男性迟发性性腺功能减退症等生殖功能障碍疾病发挥治疗作用,来源于五加科、豆科的植物更可能具有雄激素样作用,这些规律为植物雄激素的活性筛选和机制研究,尤其为男性生殖健康相关疾病的药物研发提供新思路和依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To mine the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with androgen-like effect, and provide the basis for the screening of phytoandrogen activity of TCM and the prescription medication of male reproduction related diseases. Methods The databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VP, PubMed and Web of Science were used as sources of literature information on TCMs with androgen-like effects and their compounds. After the relevant information was standardized, the distribution rules of diseases, drug properties, efficacy, active components, target and primitive species of TCMs with androgen-like effects were mined by frequency analysis, co-occurrence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction methods. Results A total of 65 TCMs with androgen-like effects and eight TCM prescriptions recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were selected, among which Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus), Yinyanghuo (Epimedii Folium) and Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix) were the most common. They were mainly warm in nature, sweet in flavor, and attributed to liver and kidney meridian. They had the effects of nourishing liver and kidney, warming kidney and strengthening yang. Polysaccharides and flavonoids were the main active components of TCMs with androgen-like effects, among which Lycii Fructus polysaccharide and icariin had more related targets. A total of 112 primitive species were involved in the TCMs with androgen-like effects, which showed obvious aggregation in the phylogenetic tree, mainly distributed in asterids and fabids plants, among which there were more TCM with androgen-like effect in Araliaceae and Leguminosae. Conclusion The attributes of TCM with androgen-like effects were mainly warm, sweet, liver and kidney meridian. Their effective components such as Lycii Fructus polysaccharide, bajijiasu, quercetin, ursolic acid, astragaloside and apigenin are polysaccharides or flavonoids, which played a therapeutic role in male infertility, male sexual dysfunction, late-onset hypogonadism in male and other reproductive dysfunction diseases by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogenic cells, regulating the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, inhibiting cell apoptosis and antioxidant damage. The TCMs origin from Araliaceae and Leguminosae were more likely to have androgen-like effects. The analysis on the drug using regularity was expected to provide reference for the activity screening and mechanism researching of phytoandrogen, especially for the drug research of male reproductive health related diseases under the current national conditions.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03802,CI2021A03808)